From 7eb80497f6308a8f0f6ffaa96cd43d903582d963 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 10:06:56 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 01/22] kiss: Simpler elevation method

---
 kiss | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index c353568..2528e3d 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -45,6 +45,33 @@ prompt() {
     read -r _
 }
 
+root_cache() {
+    # This function simply mimics a 'su' prompt to then store
+    # the user's root password for the lifetime of the package
+    # manager.
+    #
+    # Think of this as the simplest method of "elevating"
+    # permissions where needed without the endless stream of
+    # password prompts.
+    printf 'Password: '
+    stty -echo
+    read -r pass || read -r pass ||:
+    stty echo
+    printf '\n'
+
+    # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command
+    # as we don't yet need to elevate permissions.
+    root_run true
+}
+
+root_run() {
+    # Run a command as root using the cached password. The 'su'
+    # command allows you to input a password via stdin. To hide
+    # the prompt, the command's output is sent to '/dev/tty'
+    # and the output of 'su' is sent to '/dev/null'.
+    echo "$pass" | su -c "$* >/dev/tty" >/dev/null
+}
+
 pkg_lint() {
     # Check that each mandatory file in the package entry exists.
     log "$1" "Checking repository files"
@@ -880,17 +907,8 @@ pkg_updates() {
                 git fetch
                 git merge
             else
-                log "$PWD" "Need root to update"
-
-                if command -v sudo >/dev/null; then
-                    sudo git fetch
-                    sudo git merge
-                elif command -v doas >/dev/null; then
-                    doas git fetch
-                    doas git merge
-                else
-                    su -c 'git fetch && git merge'
-                fi
+                root_run git fetch
+                root_run git merge
             fi
         }
     done
@@ -995,22 +1013,12 @@ args() {
             [ "$1" ] || die "'kiss $action' requires an argument"
         ;;
 
-        i|install|r|remove)
-            [ "$1" ] || die "'kiss $action' requires an argument"
+        i|install|r|remove|u|update)
+            [ "$1" ] || [ -z "${action##u*}" ] ||
+                die "'kiss $action' requires an argument"
 
-            # Rerun the script with 'su' if the user isn't root.
-            # Cheeky but 'su' can't be used on shell functions themselves.
-            [ "$(id -u)" = 0 ] || {
-                if command -v sudo >/dev/null; then
-                    sudo -E KISS_FORCE="$KISS_FORCE" kiss "$action" "$@"
-                elif command -v doas >/dev/null; then
-                    KISS_FORCE="$KISS_FORCE" doas kiss "$action" "$@"
-                else
-                    su -pc "KISS_FORCE=$KISS_FORCE kiss $action $*"
-                fi
-
-                return
-            }
+            # Cache the root password for use where needed.
+            [ "$(id -u)" = 0 ] || root_cache
         ;;
     esac
 

From 7ab295a76ba627ca3e8fd5e550595fb84b3506ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 10:54:39 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 02/22] kiss: Run as root where needed

---
 kiss | 24 ++++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 2528e3d..47744b7 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ root_cache() {
 
     # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command
     # as we don't yet need to elevate permissions.
-    root_run true
+    dosu true
 }
 
-root_run() {
+dosu() {
     # Run a command as root using the cached password. The 'su'
     # command allows you to input a password via stdin. To hide
     # the prompt, the command's output is sent to '/dev/tty'
@@ -719,9 +719,9 @@ pkg_remove() {
         [ "${file##/etc/*}" ] || continue
 
         if [ -d "$KISS_ROOT/$file" ]; then
-            rmdir "$KISS_ROOT/$file" 2>/dev/null || continue
+            dosu rmdir "$KISS_ROOT/$file" 2>/dev/null || continue
         else
-            rm -f "$KISS_ROOT/$file"
+            dosu rm -f "$KISS_ROOT/$file"
         fi
     done < "$sys_db/$1/manifest"
 
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ pkg_install() {
 
     # This is repeated multiple times. Better to make it a function.
     pkg_rsync() {
-        rsync --chown=root:root --chmod=Du-s,Dg-s,Do-s \
+        dosu rsync --chown=root:root --chmod=Du-s,Dg-s,Do-s \
               -WhHKa --no-compress "$1" --exclude /etc \
               "$tar_dir/$pkg_name/" "$KISS_ROOT/"
     }
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ pkg_install() {
 
     # If '/etc/' exists in the package, install it but don't overwrite.
     [ -d "$tar_dir/$pkg_name/etc" ] &&
-        rsync --chown=root:root -WhHKa --no-compress --ignore-existing \
+        dosu rsync --chown=root:root -WhHKa --no-compress --ignore-existing \
             "$tar_dir/$pkg_name/etc" "$KISS_ROOT/"
 
     # Remove any leftover files if this is an upgrade.
@@ -826,18 +826,18 @@ pkg_install() {
 
             # Remove files.
             if [ -f "$file" ] && [ ! -L "$file" ]; then
-                rm -f "$file"
+                dosu rm -f "$file"
 
             # Remove file symlinks.
             elif [ -L "$file" ] && [ ! -d "$file" ]; then
-                unlink "$file" ||:
+                dosu unlink "$file" ||:
 
             # Skip directory symlinks.
             elif [ -L "$file" ] && [ -d "$file" ]; then :
 
             # Remove directories if empty.
             elif [ -d "$file" ]; then
-                rmdir "$file" 2>/dev/null ||:
+                dosu rmdir "$file" 2>/dev/null ||:
             fi
         done ||:
     }
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ pkg_install() {
 
     if [ -x "$sys_db/$pkg_name/post-install" ]; then
         log "$pkg_name" "Running post-install script"
-        "$sys_db/$pkg_name/post-install" ||:
+        dosu "$sys_db/$pkg_name/post-install" ||:
     fi
 
     log "$pkg_name" "Installed successfully"
@@ -907,8 +907,8 @@ pkg_updates() {
                 git fetch
                 git merge
             else
-                root_run git fetch
-                root_run git merge
+                dosu git fetch
+                dosu git merge
             fi
         }
     done

From a01483a2610cdedcba4ce87a273175b46551466c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:10:53 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 03/22] kiss: fix args i issues

---
 kiss | 15 +++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 47744b7..731f6e1 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -65,6 +65,8 @@ root_cache() {
 }
 
 dosu() {
+    [ "$pass" ] || root_cache
+
     # Run a command as root using the cached password. The 'su'
     # command allows you to input a password via stdin. To hide
     # the prompt, the command's output is sent to '/dev/tty'
@@ -494,7 +496,9 @@ pkg_build() {
             # to 'su' to elevate permissions.
             [ -f "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ] && {
                 log "$pkg" "Found pre-built binary, installing"
-                (KISS_FORCE=1 args i "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz")
+
+                dosu KISS_FORCE=1 \
+                    kiss i "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ||:
 
                 # Remove the now installed package from the build
                 # list. No better way than using 'sed' in POSIX 'sh'.
@@ -581,7 +585,8 @@ pkg_build() {
         contains "$explicit" "$pkg" && [ -z "$pkg_update" ] && continue
 
         log "$pkg" "Needed as a dependency or has an update, installing"
-        (KISS_FORCE=1 args i "$pkg")
+
+        dosu KISS_FORCE=1 kiss i "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ||:
     done
 
     # End here as this was a system update and all packages have been installed.
@@ -599,7 +604,7 @@ pkg_build() {
         log "Install built packages? [$*]"
 
         prompt && {
-            args i "$@"
+            dosu kiss i "$@" ||:
             return
         }
     }
@@ -941,7 +946,7 @@ pkg_updates() {
         prompt
 
         pkg_build kiss
-        args i kiss
+        dosu kiss i kiss ||:
 
         log "Updated the package manager"
         log "Re-run 'kiss update' to update your system"
@@ -974,6 +979,8 @@ pkg_updates() {
 pkg_clean() {
     # Clean up on exit or error. This removes everything related
     # to the build.
+    stty echo 2>/dev/null
+
     [ "$KISS_DEBUG" != 1 ] || return
 
     # Block 'Ctrl+C' while cache is being cleaned.

From b23afcc3b4d93041e267d8b613abded79ed5ba0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:16:51 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 04/22] kiss: fix args i issues

---
 kiss | 13 +++++++------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 731f6e1..ce45dc3 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -497,8 +497,8 @@ pkg_build() {
             [ -f "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ] && {
                 log "$pkg" "Found pre-built binary, installing"
 
-                dosu KISS_FORCE=1 \
-                    kiss i "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ||:
+                KISS_FORCE=1 \
+                    pkg_install "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz"
 
                 # Remove the now installed package from the build
                 # list. No better way than using 'sed' in POSIX 'sh'.
@@ -586,7 +586,8 @@ pkg_build() {
 
         log "$pkg" "Needed as a dependency or has an update, installing"
 
-        dosu KISS_FORCE=1 kiss i "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ||:
+        KISS_FORCE=1 \
+            pkg_install "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz"
     done
 
     # End here as this was a system update and all packages have been installed.
@@ -604,7 +605,7 @@ pkg_build() {
         log "Install built packages? [$*]"
 
         prompt && {
-            dosu kiss i "$@" ||:
+            dosu kiss i "$@"
             return
         }
     }
@@ -945,8 +946,8 @@ pkg_updates() {
 
         prompt
 
-        pkg_build kiss
-        dosu kiss i kiss ||:
+        pkg_build   kiss
+        pkg_install kiss
 
         log "Updated the package manager"
         log "Re-run 'kiss update' to update your system"

From 164afb3b48d0730280ac380723db9b743dc10a82 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:19:08 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 05/22] kiss: Fix install issues

---
 kiss | 13 +++++++++----
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index ce45dc3..cb6753c 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -497,8 +497,8 @@ pkg_build() {
             [ -f "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz" ] && {
                 log "$pkg" "Found pre-built binary, installing"
 
-                KISS_FORCE=1 \
-                    pkg_install "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz"
+                (KISS_FORCE=1 \
+                    pkg_install "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz")
 
                 # Remove the now installed package from the build
                 # list. No better way than using 'sed' in POSIX 'sh'.
@@ -586,8 +586,8 @@ pkg_build() {
 
         log "$pkg" "Needed as a dependency or has an update, installing"
 
-        KISS_FORCE=1 \
-            pkg_install "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz"
+        (KISS_FORCE=1 \
+            pkg_install "$bin_dir/$pkg#$version-$release.tar.gz")
     done
 
     # End here as this was a system update and all packages have been installed.
@@ -1129,6 +1129,11 @@ args() {
 }
 
 main() {
+    # Ensure that debug mode is never enabled to
+    # prevent internal package manager information
+    # from leaking to stdout.
+    set +x
+
     # Set the location to the repository and package database.
     pkg_db=var/db/kiss/installed
 

From 7493ccb17beb5803c535772ec2315f64448b63e7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:24:58 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 06/22] kiss: Only cache root on first need

---
 kiss | 18 +++++-------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index cb6753c..5107ff7 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ root_cache() {
     # permissions where needed without the endless stream of
     # password prompts.
     printf 'Password: '
-    stty -echo
-    read -r pass || read -r pass ||:
-    stty echo
+    stty -F /dev/tty -echo
+    read -r pass </dev/tty ||:
+    stty -F /dev/tty echo
     printf '\n'
 
     # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command
@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ pkg_updates() {
 pkg_clean() {
     # Clean up on exit or error. This removes everything related
     # to the build.
-    stty echo 2>/dev/null
+    stty -F /dev/tty echo 2>/dev/null
 
     [ "$KISS_DEBUG" != 1 ] || return
 
@@ -1017,17 +1017,9 @@ args() {
 
     # Parse some arguments earlier to remove the need to duplicate code.
     case $action in
-        c|checksum|s|search)
+        c|checksum|s|search|i|install|r|remove)
             [ "$1" ] || die "'kiss $action' requires an argument"
         ;;
-
-        i|install|r|remove|u|update)
-            [ "$1" ] || [ -z "${action##u*}" ] ||
-                die "'kiss $action' requires an argument"
-
-            # Cache the root password for use where needed.
-            [ "$(id -u)" = 0 ] || root_cache
-        ;;
     esac
 
     # Actions can be abbreviated to their first letter. This saves

From d61986721d5639b1cd98186969572660d0c46589 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:29:20 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 07/22] kiss: drop root when running git if needed

---
 kiss | 11 +++++++++--
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 5107ff7..aa094a3 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ dosu() {
     # command allows you to input a password via stdin. To hide
     # the prompt, the command's output is sent to '/dev/tty'
     # and the output of 'su' is sent to '/dev/null'.
-    echo "$pass" | su -c "$* >/dev/tty" >/dev/null
+    echo "$pass" | su "${drop_to:-root}" -c "$* >/dev/tty" >/dev/null
 }
 
 pkg_lint() {
@@ -912,9 +912,16 @@ pkg_updates() {
             if [ -w "$PWD" ]; then
                 git fetch
                 git merge
+
             else
+                log "$PWD" "Need root to update"
+
+                # Find out the owner of the repository and spawn
+                # git as this user below.
+                (drop_to=$(stat -c %U "$PWD")
+
                 dosu git fetch
-                dosu git merge
+                dosu git merge)
             fi
         }
     done

From d43673e340786669bae5db923d21d47bdff30105 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:32:16 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 08/22] kiss: remove calling itself

---
 kiss | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index aa094a3..07c4dca 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ pkg_build() {
         log "Install built packages? [$*]"
 
         prompt && {
-            dosu kiss i "$@"
+            args i "$@"
             return
         }
     }

From 613d5e696770ba76bb4cd6545d91fa7f0e43b6c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:34:37 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 09/22] kiss: use heredoc

---
 .editorconfig | 7 +++++++
 kiss          | 4 +++-
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 .editorconfig

diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b8413b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+root = true
+
+# Force GitHub to display tabs
+# mixed with [4] spaces properly.
+[kiss]
+indent_style = tab
+indent_size  = 4
diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 07c4dca..bd95417 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ dosu() {
     # command allows you to input a password via stdin. To hide
     # the prompt, the command's output is sent to '/dev/tty'
     # and the output of 'su' is sent to '/dev/null'.
-    echo "$pass" | su "${drop_to:-root}" -c "$* >/dev/tty" >/dev/null
+    su "${drop_to:-root}" -c "$* >/dev/tty" <<-EOF >/dev/null
+		$pass
+	EOF
 }
 
 pkg_lint() {

From 1376de2f31157ffca243d6b05e0f09c825d91c5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 13:42:29 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 10/22] kiss: prompt for password before multi-build

---
 kiss | 6 +++++-
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index bd95417..7d49ca7 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -479,7 +479,11 @@ pkg_build() {
     log "Building: $*"
 
     # Only ask for confirmation if more than one package needs to be built.
-    [ $# -gt 1 ] || [ "$pkg_update" ] && prompt
+    [ $# -gt 1 ] || [ "$pkg_update" ] && {
+        prompt
+
+        [ "$pass" ] || root_cache
+    }
 
     log "Checking to see if any dependencies have already been built"
     log "Installing any pre-built dependencies"

From 8240ae8fe01409d4689b4bb53e1b02ec73bb6130 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 13:49:41 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 11/22] kiss: don't run as root

---
 kiss | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 7d49ca7..8303bae 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -1139,6 +1139,10 @@ main() {
     # from leaking to stdout.
     set +x
 
+    # Prevent the package manager from running as root. The package
+    # manager will elevate permissions where needed.
+    [ "$(id -u)" != 0 ] || die "kiss must be run as a normal user"
+
     # Set the location to the repository and package database.
     pkg_db=var/db/kiss/installed
 

From d80f714268f7414107716f16807cdf00821bd04f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 22:18:20 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 12/22] docs: update

---
 kiss | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 8303bae..13283d9 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ root_cache() {
 
     # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command
     # as we don't yet need to elevate permissions.
-    dosu true
+    dosu /bin/true
 }
 
 dosu() {

From a2684a765b4889b993787e48d25c29331f28870e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:26:20 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 13/22] kiss: Add comments

---
 kiss | 91 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 80 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 13283d9..3f1aef1 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -47,33 +47,98 @@ prompt() {
 
 root_cache() {
     # This function simply mimics a 'su' prompt to then store
-    # the user's root password for the lifetime of the package
-    # manager.
+    # the root password for the lifetime of the package manager.
     #
-    # Think of this as the simplest method of "elevating"
-    # permissions where needed without the endless stream of
-    # password prompts.
+    # This function is called once when needed to cache the
+    # password. The password is not accessible to any subprocesses
+    # and should never leave the package manager's process.
+    #
+    # This behavior is needed as there is no POSIX shell method
+    # of running a shell function as a different user. We can't
+    # selectively lower or raise permissions in a seamless way
+    # through "normal" means.
+    #
+    # Root is only needed when installing/removing packages whereas
+    # non-root permissions are needed in countless places throughout.
+    #
+    # This is the only *workable* solution to 1) not run the entire
+    # package manager as root and 2) avoid prompting for password
+    # before, during and after builds numerous times.
+    #
+    # NOTE: Careful consideration has been taken in regards to this
+    #       change and I would have loved an inconspicuous solution
+    #       to this problem... but it doesn't exist.
+    #
+    # This change was needed as the existing behavior was not ideal
+    # in any way and needed to be fixed.
     printf 'Password: '
+
+    # Disable echoing to the terminal while the password is inputted
+    # by the user. The below commands read from '/dev/tty' to ensure
+    # they work when run from a subshell.
     stty -F /dev/tty -echo
-    read -r pass </dev/tty ||:
+    read -r pass < /dev/tty ||:
     stty -F /dev/tty echo
+
     printf '\n'
 
-    # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command
-    # as we don't yet need to elevate permissions.
+    # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command as we
+    # don't yet need to elevate permissions.
     dosu /bin/true
 }
 
 dosu() {
     [ "$pass" ] || root_cache
 
+    # Declare this as a function to avoid repeating it twice
+    # below. Great naming of functions all around.
+    #
     # Run a command as root using the cached password. The 'su'
     # command allows you to input a password via stdin. To hide
     # the prompt, the command's output is sent to '/dev/tty'
     # and the output of 'su' is sent to '/dev/null'.
-    su "${drop_to:-root}" -c "$* >/dev/tty" <<-EOF >/dev/null
-		$pass
-	EOF
+    dosudo() { su "${drop_to:-root}" -c "$* >/dev/tty" >/dev/null; }
+
+    # The code below uses the most secure method of sending
+    # data over stdin based on what is available in the system.
+    #
+    # The great debate: Use a heredoc or echo+pipe for password
+    # input over stdin? Time to explain.
+    #
+    # 1) 'printf | cmd' is the most secure IF 'printf' is built
+    #    into the shell and NOT an external command. When 'printf'
+    #    is external, the password WILL be leaked over '/proc'.
+    #
+    #    Safe shells here are anything with a builtin 'printf',
+    #    'ash', 'dash', 'bash' and most other shells.
+    #
+    # 2) Using a heredoc is as secure as the above method (when
+    #    builtin) IF and only IF the user's shell implements
+    #    heredocs WITHOUT the use of temporary files (See bash!).
+    #
+    #    When using heredocs and a temporary file the risk is a
+    #    tiny window in which the input is available inside of
+    #    a temporary file.
+    #
+    #    'ash' and 'dash' are safe here, 'bash' is not ('bash'
+    #    falls under (1) however).
+    #
+    # Which is best? (order is best to worst)
+    #
+    # 1) builtin 'printf'.
+    # 2) heredocs with no temporary file.
+    # 3) heredocs with a temporary file.
+    #
+    # This code below follows the above ordering when deciding
+    # which method to use. The '$heredocs' variable is declared
+    # in 'main()' after a check to see if 'printf' is builtin.
+    if [ "$heredocs" ]; then
+        dosudo "$@" <<-EOF
+			$pass
+		EOF
+    else
+        printf '%s\n' "$pass" | dosudo "$@"
+    fi
 }
 
 pkg_lint() {
@@ -1143,6 +1208,10 @@ main() {
     # manager will elevate permissions where needed.
     [ "$(id -u)" != 0 ] || die "kiss must be run as a normal user"
 
+    # Use the most secure method of sending data over stdin based on
+    # whether or not the 'printf' command is built into the shell.
+    [ "$(command -v printf)" = printf ] || heredocs=1
+
     # Set the location to the repository and package database.
     pkg_db=var/db/kiss/installed
 

From 87e0cfd973fbff3f83bde265446bd116ff1fdd05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:27:34 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 14/22] docs: update

---
 kiss | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 3f1aef1..acd1582 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -1199,9 +1199,8 @@ args() {
 }
 
 main() {
-    # Ensure that debug mode is never enabled to
-    # prevent internal package manager information
-    # from leaking to stdout.
+    # Ensure that debug mode is never enabled to prevent internal
+    # package manager information from leaking to stdout.
     set +x
 
     # Prevent the package manager from running as root. The package

From 4f4d2200569283f468ea88d2dc4072d443b41d1b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:33:30 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 15/22] kiss: Don't use pass where unneeded

---
 kiss | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index acd1582..dd3b6bd 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ root_cache() {
 
     # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command as we
     # don't yet need to elevate permissions.
-    dosu /bin/true
+    dosu /bin/true && have_pw=1
 }
 
 dosu() {
-    [ "$pass" ] || root_cache
+    [ "$have_pw" ] || root_cache
 
     # Declare this as a function to avoid repeating it twice
     # below. Great naming of functions all around.
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ pkg_build() {
     [ $# -gt 1 ] || [ "$pkg_update" ] && {
         prompt
 
-        [ "$pass" ] || root_cache
+        [ "$have_pw" ] || root_cache
     }
 
     log "Checking to see if any dependencies have already been built"

From 3962f64385ced3cc5b0ae4506badacba29fe3234 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:36:51 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 16/22] kiss: comment

---
 kiss | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index dd3b6bd..fbd2ccb 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -84,6 +84,10 @@ root_cache() {
 
     # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command as we
     # don't yet need to elevate permissions.
+    #
+    # Rather than checking if the '$pass' variable is non-empty,
+    # use an additional variable. The '[' command can be external
+    # which would result in '/proc' leakage.
     dosu /bin/true && have_pw=1
 }
 

From fd892ccd7b164f8d1c0f3dbe339f406a8b135db2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:46:26 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 17/22] kiss: fix cache

---
 kiss | 12 ++++--------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index fbd2ccb..dc33b8a 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -77,22 +77,18 @@ root_cache() {
     # by the user. The below commands read from '/dev/tty' to ensure
     # they work when run from a subshell.
     stty -F /dev/tty -echo
-    read -r pass < /dev/tty ||:
+    read -r pass < /dev/tty && cached=1
     stty -F /dev/tty echo
 
     printf '\n'
 
     # Validate the password now with a simple 'true' command as we
     # don't yet need to elevate permissions.
-    #
-    # Rather than checking if the '$pass' variable is non-empty,
-    # use an additional variable. The '[' command can be external
-    # which would result in '/proc' leakage.
-    dosu /bin/true && have_pw=1
+    dosu /bin/true
 }
 
 dosu() {
-    [ "$have_pw" ] || root_cache
+    [ "$cached" ] || root_cache
 
     # Declare this as a function to avoid repeating it twice
     # below. Great naming of functions all around.
@@ -551,7 +547,7 @@ pkg_build() {
     [ $# -gt 1 ] || [ "$pkg_update" ] && {
         prompt
 
-        [ "$have_pw" ] || root_cache
+        [ "$cached" ] || root_cache
     }
 
     log "Checking to see if any dependencies have already been built"

From 5796f2a69f8a6e6fc4d6b9fa23abe65d30253231 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:51:31 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 18/22] kiss: comment

---
 kiss | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index dc33b8a..db2f13f 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -76,6 +76,10 @@ root_cache() {
     # Disable echoing to the terminal while the password is inputted
     # by the user. The below commands read from '/dev/tty' to ensure
     # they work when run from a subshell.
+    #
+    # The variable '$cached' is used to check if we've been here
+    # before. We cannot check whether or not '$pass' is empty as the
+    # '[' command may be external which would result in /proc leakage.
     stty -F /dev/tty -echo
     read -r pass < /dev/tty && cached=1
     stty -F /dev/tty echo

From 33a89dbe88ca8b2142c94d45ab300d4bb91d0e59 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:53:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 19/22] kiss: comment

---
 kiss | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index db2f13f..0243004 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -551,6 +551,10 @@ pkg_build() {
     [ $# -gt 1 ] || [ "$pkg_update" ] && {
         prompt
 
+        # Prompt for password prior to the build if more than one package
+        # will be built and installed. No use in forcing the user to wait
+        # for the first password prompt (before caching) if it may take a
+        # long long while.
         [ "$cached" ] || root_cache
     }
 

From 6fc8b89b82c7c28185b044e9f8e3473a8e0b7404 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 23:58:08 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 20/22] kiss: comment

---
 kiss | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 0243004..7db2fd4 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -997,6 +997,10 @@ pkg_updates() {
 
                 # Find out the owner of the repository and spawn
                 # git as this user below.
+                #
+                # This prevents 'git' from changing the original
+                # ownership of files and directories in the rare
+                # case that the repository is owned by a 3rd user.
                 (drop_to=$(stat -c %U "$PWD")
 
                 dosu git fetch

From 63b655bdf7a0eaa4912eaa10e9cc1094a3364c88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Jan 2020 00:10:09 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 21/22] kiss: Ensure all arguments sent to dosu are quoted

---
 kiss | 16 ++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 7db2fd4..3b7de2e 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -804,9 +804,9 @@ pkg_remove() {
         [ "${file##/etc/*}" ] || continue
 
         if [ -d "$KISS_ROOT/$file" ]; then
-            dosu rmdir "$KISS_ROOT/$file" 2>/dev/null || continue
+            dosu rmdir "'$KISS_ROOT/$file'" 2>/dev/null || continue
         else
-            dosu rm -f "$KISS_ROOT/$file"
+            dosu rm -f "'$KISS_ROOT/$file'"
         fi
     done < "$sys_db/$1/manifest"
 
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ pkg_install() {
     pkg_rsync() {
         dosu rsync --chown=root:root --chmod=Du-s,Dg-s,Do-s \
               -WhHKa --no-compress "$1" --exclude /etc \
-              "$tar_dir/$pkg_name/" "$KISS_ROOT/"
+              "'$tar_dir/$pkg_name/'" "'$KISS_ROOT/'"
     }
 
     # Install the package by using 'rsync' and overwrite any existing files
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ pkg_install() {
     # If '/etc/' exists in the package, install it but don't overwrite.
     [ -d "$tar_dir/$pkg_name/etc" ] &&
         dosu rsync --chown=root:root -WhHKa --no-compress --ignore-existing \
-            "$tar_dir/$pkg_name/etc" "$KISS_ROOT/"
+            "'$tar_dir/$pkg_name/etc'" "'$KISS_ROOT/'"
 
     # Remove any leftover files if this is an upgrade.
     [ "$old_manifest" ] && {
@@ -911,18 +911,18 @@ pkg_install() {
 
             # Remove files.
             if [ -f "$file" ] && [ ! -L "$file" ]; then
-                dosu rm -f "$file"
+                dosu rm -f "'$file'"
 
             # Remove file symlinks.
             elif [ -L "$file" ] && [ ! -d "$file" ]; then
-                dosu unlink "$file" ||:
+                dosu unlink "'$file'" ||:
 
             # Skip directory symlinks.
             elif [ -L "$file" ] && [ -d "$file" ]; then :
 
             # Remove directories if empty.
             elif [ -d "$file" ]; then
-                dosu rmdir "$file" 2>/dev/null ||:
+                dosu rmdir "'$file'" 2>/dev/null ||:
             fi
         done ||:
     }
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ pkg_install() {
 
     if [ -x "$sys_db/$pkg_name/post-install" ]; then
         log "$pkg_name" "Running post-install script"
-        dosu "$sys_db/$pkg_name/post-install" ||:
+        dosu "'$sys_db/$pkg_name/post-install'" ||:
     fi
 
     log "$pkg_name" "Installed successfully"

From b3485bf4300a450b9294e0fe5286567cb4136297 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dylan Araps <dylan.araps@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Jan 2020 00:41:10 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 22/22] kiss: read empty IFS

---
 kiss | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/kiss b/kiss
index 3b7de2e..28b0161 100755
--- a/kiss
+++ b/kiss
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ root_cache() {
     # before. We cannot check whether or not '$pass' is empty as the
     # '[' command may be external which would result in /proc leakage.
     stty -F /dev/tty -echo
-    read -r pass < /dev/tty && cached=1
+    IFS= read -r pass < /dev/tty && cached=1
     stty -F /dev/tty echo
 
     printf '\n'