# knowledge/NetBSD

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# NetBSD

### updated 2021-07-23

From netbsd.org: NetBSD is a free, fast, secure, and highly portable Unix-like Open Source operating system. Of course, I run NetBSD, and this page serves as documentation of weird error fixes and miscellaneous tutorials that I think can be helpful.

Before diving into NetBSD you should really read the bits that look interesting of the NetBSD Guide and (if you intend to use it) all of the pkgsrc guide. They're well written and detailed guides to NetBSD and the package manager typically used with NetBSD, and for the sake of you and anyone who finds your forum questions you should always consult them first if you have any questions.

Also, thank you to all the forum posters and chatroom hackers that help with my frequent n00b questions (see sources on each section). If you like this page please consider donating to the NetBSD Foundation using the hyperlinks on their website.

## Fix `SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate`

Install `security/mozilla-rootcerts-openssl`.

Sources:

- Frederic Cambus
- ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh#8321

Do not use SSL workarounds like (in the case of git) `GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY`. These leave your system open to man-in-the-middle attacks.

Related: Depending on security/ca-certificates?

## Mounting ext4 partitions with FUSE

I don't know that this is documented in either the NetBSD guide or wiki. If you have edit access to either and see this, please, add this in with any necessary edits! This page is public domain (as is the rest of my site); don't worry about copyright (I can confirm anything by e-mail if needed).

1. Install `filesystems/fuse` and `filesystems/fuse-ext2`.
2. Connect the drive with the ext4 partition you want to access.
3. Use `dmesg(8)` to determine the location in `/dev/` of the disk.
4. Use `disklabel(8)` to determine which partition on the disk you want to access (`disklabel /dev/disk`) - it will be listed with the partition type "Linux Ext2" even though the partition may be ext4.
5. Use `fuse-ext2(1)` to mount the partition (`fuse-ext2 /dev/disk with partition letter mountpoint` - for example, `fuse-ext2 /dev/sd1e /mnt/sd1` to mount partition e of device sd1 to the mountpoint /mnt/sd1).
6. This mountpoint can be unmounted with `umount(8)` as normal.

## System logging

See `syslogd(8)` and `syslog.conf(5)`, which pertain to system logging.

Setting `DDB_ONPANIC` (see `options(4)` and `sysctl(8)`) will save a crash dump at `/var/crash` on kernel panic (source).

## TOR Browser

On a ThinkPad X200T (current NetBSD amd64) the `start-tor-browser.desktop` script in the pre-compiled amd64 Linux tarball errors out with `Tor Browser requires a CPU with SSE2 support. Exiting.`. This is on a Core2 Duo SL9600 CPU, which does indeed support SSE2 (`grep flags` on `dd </proc/cpuinfo` to check your own CPU).

TOR Browser is available through pkgsrc at `security/tor-browser`. Because TOR is typically used in environments where very strong security is necessary, it's recommended that you audit the pkgsrc Makefile and distinfo before installation.