diff --git a/wip/nutshell/Makefile b/wip/nutshell/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd15bbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wip/nutshell/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+nutshell: nutshell.c nutshell.h nutshell_builtins.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o nutshell nutshell.c
diff --git a/wip/nutshell/nutshell.c b/wip/nutshell/nutshell.c
index 09fc63d..5e1f357 100644
--- a/wip/nutshell/nutshell.c
+++ b/wip/nutshell/nutshell.c
@@ -6,14 +6,12 @@
 #include <sys/wait.h> /* wait(2) */
 #include <time.h> /* time(3) */
 #include <unistd.h> /* fork(2), write(2) */
-#include "libio.h"
-#include "usefulmacros.h"
 
 #include "nutshell.h"
 #include "nutshell_builtins.c"
 
 static int
-parse_argv(char *buffer, char **argv, int argc_max){
+parse_argv(int *buffer, char **argv, int argc_max){
 	int i;
 	int j;
 	int s;
@@ -30,8 +28,8 @@ parse_argv(char *buffer, char **argv, int argc_max){
 	return j;
 }
 
-static char *
-read_buffer(char *buf, size_t buf_s){
+static int *
+read_buffer(int *buf, size_t buf_s){
 	int i;
 
 	for(i = 0; ; ++i){
@@ -58,19 +56,19 @@ read_buffer(char *buf, size_t buf_s){
 }
 
 static int
-run(char *buf){
+run(int *buf){
 	int argc;
 	static char *argv[ARGV_MAX];
 	int i;
 
 	/* get argv and argc */
-	for(i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(argv); ++i){
+	for(i = 0; i < (sizeof argv) / (sizeof *argv); ++i){
 		if(argv[i] == NULL)
 			break;
 		argv[i] = NULL;
 	}
 
-	argc = parse_argv(buf, argv, ARRAYLEN(argv));
+	argc = parse_argv(buf, argv, (sizeof argv) / (sizeof *argv));
 
 	/* builtins get priority */
 	if((i = isbuiltin(argv[0])) != 0)
@@ -85,15 +83,15 @@ runerr:
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
-	static char buf[BUF_MAX];
+	static int buf[BUF_MAX];
 	static char prompt[] = DEFAULT_PROMPT;
 
 	builtin_init(0, empty_argv);
 
 	for(;;){
-		write(1, prompt, ARRAYLEN(prompt));
-		if(read_buffer(buf, ARRAYLEN(buf)) == NULL){
-			write(1, "EOF\n", 4);
+		fprintf(stdout, "%s", prompt);
+		if(read_buffer(buf, (sizeof buf)/(sizeof *buf)) == NULL){
+			fprintf(stdout, "EOF\n");
 			state.status = 0;
 			break;
 		}
diff --git a/wip/nutshell/nutshell_builtins.c b/wip/nutshell/nutshell_builtins.c
index 18f3b63..db69051 100644
--- a/wip/nutshell/nutshell_builtins.c
+++ b/wip/nutshell/nutshell_builtins.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ int
 isbuiltin(char *s){
 	int i;
 
-	for(i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(builtins); ++i)
+	for(i = 0; i < (sizeof builtins) / (sizeof *builtins); ++i)
 		if(strcmp(builtins[i].name, s) == 0)
 			return i + 1;
 	return 0;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ builtin_builtin(int argc, char **argv){
 	int i;
 
 	if(argc < 2){
-		fdputs(2, "%s: needs argument(s)");
+		fprintf(stderr, "needs argument(s)\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ builtin_escape(int argc, char **argv){
 	char *s;
 
 	if((s = getenv("SHELL")) == NULL){
-		fdputs(1, "$SHELL seems to be empty. This is an OS error.\n");
+		fprintf(stdout, "$SHELL seems to be empty. This is an OS error.\n");
 	}else if(fork() == 0)
 		execl(s, s, NULL);
 	else
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ int
 builtin_jail(int argc, char **argv){
 	printf("%s\n", argv[1]);
 	if(argv[1] == NULL)
-		fdputd(1, state.jailed);
+		fprintf(stdout, "%d", state.jailed);
 	else if(strcmp(argv[1], "break") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "build") == 0)
 		state.jailed = (argv[1][1] - 'r') / ('u' - 'r'); /* cheap */
 	else
@@ -99,6 +99,6 @@ builtin_nethack(int argc, char **argv){
 
 int
 builtin_status(int argc, char **argv){
-	fdputd(1, state.status);
+	fprintf(stdout, "%d", state.status);
 	return 0;
 }