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## Misinformation
#### Media outlets often spread misinformation and bias without refuting it
* [ScienceMag: Guess et al. 19](https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau4586)
* Study examining the prevalence of fake news shared over facebook.
* “Conservatives were more likely to share articles from **fake news domains,**” which are examined thoroughly in the methodology.
* These domains, in 2016, were “largely pro-Trump in orientation”
* “On average, users **over 65** shared nearly **seven times** as many articles from fake news domains as the youngest age group.”
* [Media Matters: Gertz and Savillo 19](https://www.mediamatters.org/twitter/study-major-media-outlets-twitter-accounts-amplify-false-trump-claims-average-19-times-day)
* Outlets amplified misinformation derived from Donald Trump’s Twitter more than **400 times** over the three-week period of the study -- a rate of 19 per day.
* **30% of the tweets** by major media outlets’ Twitter accounts about Trump remarks referenced a **false or misleading statement.**
* Nearly two-thirds of the time, the outlets **did not dispute** that misinformation.
* [Media Bias Chart](https://www.adfontesmedia.com/)
* With a _very_ thorough methodological analysis [(adfontes)](https://www.adfontesmedia.com/how-ad-fontes-ranks-news-sources/)
![](https://github.com/NB419/source-library/blob/master/images/media%20bias%20chart.png?raw=true)