update refs
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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_header(`ACPI')
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_bibliography(`
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_bentr(`_ref(`#ACPI')')
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_bentr(`_ref(`/unix/#ACPI')')
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')
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<P>
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logind (as part of SystemD), elogind, acpid, and many desktop environments can manage ACPI events automatically, and sometimes this is configured by default as part of a Linux software distribution.
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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_header(`Alpine')
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<P>
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Alpine Linux is a small _ref(`#linux') distribution based on musl libc.
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Alpine Linux is a small Linux _ref(`#distribution') based on musl libc.
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Its main purpose is to serve as a server distribution, however many have found use for it as a desktop distribution.
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</P>
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@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ To always install doc packages with program packages, _code(`apk add docs').
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_subheader(`Bootstrapping')
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<P>
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See _ref(`#linux#bootstrapping').
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See _ref(`#bootstrapping').
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The Alpine setup scripts also exist to aid in the bootstrap process.
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</P>
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<P>
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@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ To bootstrap _man(`apk(8)') do the following:
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<LI>Use _man(`apk-add(8)') to initialize the package database on the mount (_command(`apk --root [<I>mount</I>] add --initdb alpine-base')).</LI>
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</OL>
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<P>
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Copy _man(`resolv.conf(5)') over (and bind _file(`/dev/'), _file(`/proc/'), and _file(`/sys/')) before _ref(`#posix#chroot(1)')ing.
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Copy _man(`resolv.conf(5)') over (and bind _file(`/dev/'), _file(`/proc/'), and _file(`/sys/')) before _ref(`/unix/#posix#chroot(1)')ing.
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</P>
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<P>
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In the chroot, make sure to install a kernel, which will put _ref(`#linux#initramfs') creation in the _man(`apk(8)') build hooks and rebuild the initramfs whenever the kernel is upgraded.
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In the chroot, make sure to install a kernel, which will put _ref(`#initramfs') creation in the _man(`apk(8)') build hooks and rebuild the initramfs whenever the kernel is upgraded.
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</P>
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_subsubheader(`Setup scripts')
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@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ _passage(`Eunakria on the Alpine Linux Discord server',
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_program(`setup-hostname') validates a _man(`hostname(5)') before writing to the mounted volume.
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</P>
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<P>
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_program(`setup-xorg-base') adds the packages _package(`xorg-server'), _package(`xf86-input-libinput'), _package(`eudev'), and _package(`mesa'), and then enables the _ref(`#linux#initialization') services for udev.
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_program(`setup-xorg-base') adds the packages _package(`xorg-server'), _package(`xf86-input-libinput'), _package(`eudev'), and _package(`mesa'), and then enables the _ref(`#initialization') services for udev.
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</P>
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_subheader(`postmarketOS')
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@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ You will need _package(`base-devel').
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_subheader(`Bootstrapping')
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<P>
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See _ref(`#linux#bootstrapping').
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See _ref(`#bootstrapping').
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Use _man(`pacstrap(8)') on Arch and _man(`basestrap(8)') on Artix.
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</P>
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<P>
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Arch's base package is _package(`base').
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Additionally, a kernel such as _package(`linux') or _package(`linux-lts') will be necessary.
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The Arch wiki says _package(`linux-firmware') is necessary; it's not on many hardware configurations but it's recommended.
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On Artix you also need to select the _ref(`#linux#initialization') system: _package(`66'), _package(`dinit'), _package(`openrc'), _package(`runit'), or _package(`s6-base').
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The Artix wiki says the initialization-specific _ref(`#linux#logind') package is necessary; it's not but it's recommended.
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On Artix you also need to select the _ref(`#initialization') system: _package(`66'), _package(`dinit'), _package(`openrc'), _package(`runit'), or _package(`s6-base').
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The Artix wiki says the initialization-specific _ref(`#login#logind') package is necessary; it's not but it's recommended.
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</P>
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<P>
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On the bootstrapped system, after chrooting in, uncomment a local mirror in _file(`/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-arch').
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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
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_header(`Bootstrapping')
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<P>
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Usually the first program a computer will run is the _ref(`#bootloader'),
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which loads the kernel and usually the _ref(`#linux#initramfs') which will handle mounting the system storage.
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Then the _ref(`#linux#initialization') system is started, which handles daemons, some of which will handle login.
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Usually the first program a computer will run is the _ref(`/unix/#bootloader'),
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which loads the kernel and usually the _ref(`#initramfs') which will handle mounting the system storage.
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Then the _ref(`#initialization') system is started, which handles daemons, some of which will handle login.
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</P>
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<P>
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Bootstrapping Linux involves booting an operating system, usually off a temporary storage medium, mounting the intended system storage,
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@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ If it doesn't include any of them, install separately a kernel, initialization s
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<P>
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Bind mount (_command(`mount -o bind')) _file(`/dev/'), _file(`/proc/'), and _file(`/sys/') to the corresponding locations on the volume to bootstrap
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(_code(`for d in dev proc sys; do mount -o bind /$d /[<I>mount</I>]/$d; done')),
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then _ref(`#posix#chroot(1)') in and complete the system setup.
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Set up additional configuration necessary to boot (including _ref(`#fstab(5)'), _man(`hostname(5)'), _man(`hosts(5)'), and anything necessary for the kernel or initialization).
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then _ref(`/unix/#posix#chroot(1)') in and complete the system setup.
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Set up additional configuration necessary to boot (including _ref(`/unix/#fstab(5)'), _man(`hostname(5)'), _man(`hosts(5)'), and anything necessary for the kernel or initialization).
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</P>
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ _bentr(`_link(`Debian', `https://www.debian.org/')')
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_bentr(`_link(`Debian', `https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian') (Wikipedia)')
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')
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<P>
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Debian is a software distribution that can use _ref(`#linux') or the GNU HURD as its kernel.
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Debian is a software _ref(`#distribution') that can use Linux or the GNU HURD as its kernel.
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In the past, FreeBSD's kernel was also an option.
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Debian is known for its stability and longevity.
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Debian uses SystemD as its initialization system, the GNU core utilities, and dpkg and apt for package management.
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@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ _subheader(`Ubuntu')
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<LI><A HREF="https://securitylab.github.com/research/Ubuntu-gdm3-accountsservice-LPE/">How to get root on Ubuntu 20.04 by pretending nobody's /home</A></LI>
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</UL>
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<P>
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Ubuntu is a derivative of Debian.
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Ubuntu is a derivative of Debian Linux.
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</P>
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_subheader(`Distributions')
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_subheader(`Distribution')
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<P>
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Linux is usually obtained as part of a software distribution put together to form a useable operating system.
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</P>
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@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ _bentr(`_link(`initramfs', `https://wiki.debian.org/initramfs') (Debian Wiki)')
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_bentr(`_link(`initramfs', `https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Initramfs') (Ubuntu Wiki)')
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')
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<P>
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_file(`initramfs') is a _ref(`#archives#cpio') archive that contains a small Linux filesystem with just enough utility to mount the actual operating system's root filesystem.
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_file(`initramfs') is a _ref(`/unix/#archives#cpio') archive that contains a small Linux filesystem with just enough utility to mount the actual operating system's root filesystem.
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</P>
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