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GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 19 November 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
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state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer
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get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its
interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive
of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different
solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the
specific requirements.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

13
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menu: menu.rs
rustc -o $@ $@.rs
.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f menu
.PHONY: test
test: menu
./menu <test
.PHONY: install
install: menu

59
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```
[1]: . . .-- . . . .
[2]: |\ /| |-- |\| | |
[3]: ' ' ' '-- ' ' '-'
[0]: AGPLv3 2025
```
## Build
```sh
make
```
menu(1) is a single Rust source file with no dependencies, and can be compiled
on its own with rustc(1). It's recommended to run the test program:
```sh
make test
# or test using menu(1)'s shebang
./test
```
## Usage
```
menu [file]
```
If `file` is given, menu(1) reads its menu entries from `file` instead of
standard input.
## Menu format
Input is ignored until menu(1) reads two consecutive newlines (an empty line).
This is to provide room for commentary or a shebang (`#!/usr/bin/env menu` is
recommended). Following the two newlines, menu(1) will interpret input as a
stream of menu entries.
A menu entry begins with its text section, which is the section printed to
display the menu option.
Currently, the text section ends with a newline only, but in later versions the
text section will be able to be extended across multiple lines if they are
indented - so a newline followed by a character that isn't the horizontal tab.
The attributes section follows the text section. The attributes section ends
with a single newline. Text including and following a hash in the attributes
section will be ignoroed.
The command section follows the attributes section. The command section is
run as a single argument following the invocation `$ sh -c`, like the C
standard library's system(3). Each line in the command section is preceded by
a horizontal tab, which is removed from the argument; if a line in the command
section is not preceded by a tab, the omission is considered a syntax error (a
"naked line") and menu(1) exits unsuccessfully. The command section ends with
two consecutive newlines.

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```
____ __ __ __
/_/ / /_ /_/ /_/ _/ /\
__/ / / /_ /_ /_/ /__\ public domain 2020-2025
```
ytfeed(6) is a small and simple YouTube client made using menu(1). ytfeed(6)
exists as a demonstration of menu(1), menu(1) was written as a component of
ytfeed(6), and they were both written for my own personal use.
There are many components of ytfeed that work independently of it.
ytfeed.aggregate(1) is a tool to merge many catenated YouTube RSS feeds into
one XML-compliant document. The invocation
`cat feed.xml feed2.xml | ytfeedmerge`, for example, assuming the given XML
files are YouTube RSS feeds, will output a single YouTube RSS feed containing
the entries from both feeds.
ytfeed.dl(1) is a tool to download a YouTube RSS feed using curl(1) or wget(1)
and store it in the location used by ytfeed(6).
The Python programs are especially short, exclusively use Python's standard
library, and are written to (hopefully) work on a reasonably recent Python 3
interpreter. Unfortunately Python will probably shit itself anyway when you try
to run them. For what it's worth, they're Python programs because most Linux
distributions come with Python 3 and it's one of few languages with XML parsing
as part of the standard library - I figured it'd be less hassle than vendoring
a dependency or (woe be unto those who think it) relying on whatever awful
package managers the user has installed.

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<feed xmlns:yt="http://www.youtube.com/xml/schemas/2015" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<link rel="self" href="http://www.youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml?channel_id=UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A"/>
<id>yt:channel:4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A</id>
<yt:channelId>4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A</yt:channelId>
<title>jawed</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A"/>
<author>
<name>jawed</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A</uri>
</author>
<published>2005-04-24T03:20:54+00:00</published>
<entry>
<id>yt:video:jNQXAC9IVRw</id>
<yt:videoId>jNQXAC9IVRw</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A</yt:channelId>
<title>Me at the zoo</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNQXAC9IVRw"/>
<author>
<name>jawed</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A</uri>
</author>
<published>2005-04-24T03:31:52+00:00</published>
<updated>2025-08-22T10:26:34+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>Me at the zoo</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/jNQXAC9IVRw?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/jNQXAC9IVRw/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>Microplastics are accumulating in human brains at an alarming rate
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PT5c1z3LL8
“Nanoplastics and Human Health” with Matthew J Campen, PhD, MSPH
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRBN_4L09Mg
00:00 Intro
00:05 The cool thing
00:17 End</media:description>
<media:community>
<media:starRating count="18205539" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
<media:statistics views="371276149"/>
</media:community>
</media:group>
</entry>
</feed>

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#!/bin/sh
# AGPLv3
test -n "$ytfeed_feeds_dir" || ytfeed_feeds_dir=feeds/
export ytfeed_feeds_dir
printf "\
____ __ __ __
/_/ / /_ /_/ /_/ _/ /\\ ytfeed 2.0.0-pre
__/ / / /_ /_ /_/ /__\\ dtb 2020-2025
"
../menu <<EOF
Subscribe to new feed.
printf 'Please enter the channel ID to which to be subscribed: '
</dev/tty \
head -n 1 \
| xargs ytfeed.dl "$ytfeed_feeds_dir"
Browse feeds.
ytfeed.browse-feeds "$ytfeed_feeds_dir" \
| ../menu
Browse all feeds.
cat "$ytfeed_feeds_dir"/*.xml \
| ytfeed.aggregate \
| ytfeed.browse-feed \
| ../menu
Refresh feeds.
for f in "$ytfeed_feeds_dir"/*.xml
do printf '%s\\n' "\$f" \
| sed -e 's,^.*/,,' \
-e 's,\\.xml\$,,' \
| xargs ytfeed.dl "$ytfeed_feeds_dir"
done
Show configuration
printf 'ytfeed_feeds_dir: %s\n' "$ytfeed_feeds_dir" >&2
EOF

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# 2025 dtb. public domain
import re, sys, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
ET.register_namespace("", "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom")
ET.register_namespace("media", "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/")
ET.register_namespace("yt", "http://www.youtube.com/xml/schemas/2015")
def sortby(entry):
return entry.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}published")[0].text
macrofeed = ET.Element('feed')
macrofeed.extend(
sorted([
entry
# Split the input by file.
for feed in re.split(r'<\?xml.*?\?>', sys.stdin.read())[1:]
# Get the entries out of each file.
for entry
in ET.fromstring(feed)
.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry")
],
# Gets the publication date and sorts the entries from old to new.
key = lambda entry
: entry.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}published")[0].text,
reverse = False # toggle this to switch the order
)
)
print(ET.tostring(macrofeed, encoding="unicode"))

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# 2025 dtb. public domain
import sys, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
def f(fmt, e, t):
r = e.find(t, {
"": "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom",
"media": "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/",
"yt": "http://www.youtube.com/xml/schemas/2015"
})
return fmt % r.text if r is not None else ""
tree = ET.parse(sys.stdin)
root = tree.getroot()
ytid = f("%s", root, "yt:videoId")
print(
f("[%s] ", root, "published")
+ f("%s - ", root, "author/name")
+ f("%s", root, "title")
+ "\n\n"
+ f("%s", root, "media:group/media:description"),
end = "\n\n",
file = sys.stderr
)
print(
"#!/usr/bin/env menu" + "\n\n"
+ "Download feed." + "\n\n"
+ "\t" + "yt-dlp %s" % ytid + "\n\n"
+ "Print feed URL." + "\n\n"
+ "\t" + "printf 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%%s\\n' '%s'" % ytid
+ "\n\n"
+ "Open feed URL in mpv." + "\n\n"
# + "\t" + "mpv 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s'" % ytid + "\n\n"
+ "\t" + "mpv" + " \\\n"
+ "\t\t" + "--gpu-sw --profile=fast" + " \\\n"
+ "\t\t" + "--script-opts=ytdl_hook-all_formats=yes" + " \\\n"
+ "\t\t" + "'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s'" % ytid,
end = "\n\n"
)

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# 2025 dtb. public domain
import sys, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse(sys.stdin)
root = tree.getroot()
def f(fmt, e, t, fn=None):
r = e.find(t, {
"": "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom",
"media": "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/",
"yt": "http://www.youtube.com/xml/schemas/2015}videoId"
})
r = r.text if r is not None else ""
if fn is not None: r = fn(r)
return fmt % r
print("#!/usr/bin/env menu", end = "\n\n") # lead-in
for entry in root.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry"):
print(
# Text
f("[%s] ", entry, "published", fn = lambda s : s.split("T")[0])
+ f("%-22s - ", entry, "author/name")
+ f("%s", entry, "title") + "\n\n"
# Command
+ "\t" + "ytfeed.browse-entry <<EOF | ../menu" + "\n"
+ "\t" + ET.tostring(entry, encoding="unicode")
.replace("\n", "\n\t").rstrip() + "\n"
+ "\tEOF",
end = "\n\n"
)

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# 2025 dtb. public domain
import os, sys, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
print("Usage: %s directory\n" % sys.argv[0], file = sys.stderr)
sys.exit(64) # sysexits(3) EX_USAGE
channels = []
directory = sys.argv[1]
for f in os.listdir(directory):
file_name = os.path.join(directory, f)
if os.path.isfile(file_name) and f[-4:] == ".xml":
tree = ET.parse(file_name)
root = tree.getroot()
try:
channels += [
"%s\n\n" % root.find('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title').text
+ "\t<'%s' ytfeed.browse-feed | ../menu\n\n" % file_name
]
except: pass
print("#!/usr/bin/env menu", end = "\n\n")
for s in sorted(channels, key=str.lower): # Sorts alphabetically (caseless).
print(s, end = "")

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#!/bin/sh
# 2025 dtb. public domain
directory="$1"
alias have='command -v >/dev/null 2>&1'
xml_url_prefix='https://www.youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml?channel_id='
if test -z "$2"; then
printf 'Usage: %s directory channel_id...\n' "$0" >&2
exit 64 # sysexits(3) EX_USAGE
fi
while test -n "$2"; do
if have curl; then curl=curl
elif have wget; then curl='wget -O -'
else curl=false
fi
filename="$(printf '%s/%s.xml\n' "$directory" "$2")"
if ! $curl "$xml_url_prefix""$2" >"$filename"
then rm -f "$filename"
else printf '%s\n' "$filename"
fi
shift
done

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// [1]: . . .-- . . . .
// [2]: |\ /| |-- |\| | |
// [3]: ' ' ' '-- ' ' '-'
// [0]: copyright 2025 dtb
// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
// published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
// License, or (at your option) any later version.
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
// I'm still something of a Rust beginner. There's plenty of room for
// improvement with regards to the code. Some thoughts:
// - general code cleanup
// - memory efficiency (replace `entries` with a single String)
// - option parsing (vendor a dependency? use (shudder) cargo?)
// - `-i file' - read input from file
// - `-p prompt` - change prompt
// - `-r` - reverse numeric order
// - `-x` - terminate after selection
// - support giving multiple files; parse them all in order
// - "Usage: {} [-rx] [-i file] [-p prompt] file"
// - take presentation directives from the Attributes section
// - this API (stdin and argv) is general and can be used for a TUI or GUI
use std::{
env::args,
fs::File,
io::{self, BufRead, BufReader},
process::{Command, ExitCode},
};
#[derive(Clone)]
struct Entry {
text: String,
attr: String,
cont: String,
}
enum State { Ignore, Text, Attributes, Content }
fn error<E: std::fmt::Display>(program_name: &str, topic: &str, error: E)
-> ExitCode {
eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", program_name, topic, error);
ExitCode::FAILURE
}
fn print_entries(entries: &[Entry]) {
let index_len = entries.len().to_string().len(); // trippy
eprintln!("");
for (index, entry) in entries.iter().enumerate() {
eprint!(
"[{:>index_len$}]: {}",
index + 1,
entry.text,
index_len = index_len
);
}
eprintln!("[{:>index_len$}]: Return", 0);
}
fn main() -> ExitCode {
let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
let mut entries: Vec<Entry> = Vec::new();
let exit_on_selection: bool = false;
let prompt = ">>> ";
let input: Box<dyn BufRead> = if argv.len() > 1 {
match File::open(argv[argv.len() - 1].clone()) {
Err(e) => {
return error(&argv[0], &argv[argv.len() - 1], &e);
}
Ok(file) => Box::new(BufReader::new(file)),
}
} else {
Box::new(io::stdin().lock())
};
let user_input: Box<dyn BufRead> = if argv.len() <= 1 {
match File::open("/dev/tty") {
Err(e) => {
return error(&argv[0], &argv[argv.len() - 1], &e);
}
Ok(file) => Box::new(BufReader::new(file)),
}
} else {
Box::new(io::stdin().lock())
}; // ...Oops! I did it again.
// Parser
{
let mut entry = Entry {
text: String::default(), attr: String::default(), /* insig., but */
/* if */ cont: /* == */ String::default() /* then entry is empty */
};
let mut state = State::Ignore;
for line in input.lines() {
let line = line.expect("");
match state {
State::Ignore => {
if line.chars().next() == None {
state = State::Text;
}
}
State::Text => {
entry.text = line.clone() + "\n";
state = State::Attributes;
}
State::Attributes => {
entry.attr = line.clone() + "\n";
state = State::Content;
}
State::Content => match line.chars().next() {
Some('\t') => {
let s = &line[1..]; /* remove tab */
if entry.cont.is_empty() {
entry.cont = s.to_string();
} else {
entry.cont.push_str(s);
}
entry.cont.push('\n');
}
None => {
entries.push(entry.clone());
entry.cont = String::default();
state = State::Text;
}
_ => {
return error(&argv[0], &entry.text.trim_end(),
"naked line");
}
},
}
}
if !entry.cont.is_empty() {
entries.push(entry);
}
}
// Selector
print_entries(&entries);
eprint!("{}", prompt);
for line in user_input.lines() {
let line = line.expect("");
if line != "" {
match line.parse::<usize>() {
Err(e) => {
return error(&argv[0], &line, &e);
}
Ok(n) => {
if n != 0 {
match Command::new("sh")
.arg("-c")
.arg(entries[n - 1].cont.clone())
.spawn()
{
Err(e) => { return error(&argv[0], &line, &e); }
Ok(mut c) => match c.wait() {
Err(e) => {
return error(&argv[0], &line, &e);
}
Ok(_) => { print_entries(&entries); }
},
}
}
if n == 0 || exit_on_selection {
return ExitCode::SUCCESS;
}
}
}
}
eprint!("{}", prompt);
}
ExitCode::SUCCESS
}

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#!./menu
$ echo Hello, world.
echo Hello, world.
$ cat Makefile
cat Makefile
Remove menu and re-build it.
rm -f menu; make
Install to /usr/local/ (assuming adequate permissions).
make install
Install to /usr/local/ (using sudo(8)).
sudo make install