tests: test.sh: utilize $BIN

tests: posix: cat(1p): added POSIX-compliant cat
tests: bonsai: removed redundant code
2024-04-27 15:18:09 -06:00 · 2024-04-27 15:16:52 -06:00 · 2024-04-26 20:55:16 -06:00 · 2024-04-25 18:57:05 -06:00 · 2024-04-25 17:20:55 -06:00 · 2024-04-24 19:28:33 -06:00
35 changed files with 1294 additions and 1580 deletions
--- a/6
+++ b/6
@@ -97,9 +97,10 @@ their editor or terminal.
 For usage text and help messages, do not implement a -h option. Instead, print
 usage information when any erroneous option is specified. Follow the NetBSD
-style guide for the usage text’s output format [1].
+style guide for the usage text’s output format [0].
-[1] <http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/~checkout~/src/share/misc/style>
+If committing a new utility, please include tests and documentation (see
 tests/ and docs/) for the new tool.
 If committing a new source file, format the commit message following these
 guidelines:
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@ $ git commit -m 'tool(1): fix #42 & add feature x'
 Commit messages should be written in the present tense.
 [0] <http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/~checkout~/src/share/misc/style>
 --
 This work © 2023–2024 by Emma Tebibyte is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To view a
 copy of this license, visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>
--- a/COPYING.GPL
+++ b/COPYING.GPL
@@ -1,674 +0,0 @@
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    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
 notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
 parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
 might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
 if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
 For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
 into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
 the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
 Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
--- a/COPYING.LESSER
+++ b/COPYING.LESSER
@@ -1,165 +0,0 @@
                   GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
 Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
  This version of the GNU Lesser General Public License incorporates
 the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
 License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
  0. Additional Definitions.
  As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
 General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
 General Public License.
  "The Library" refers to a covered work governed by this License,
 other than an Application or a Combined Work as defined below.
  An "Application" is any work that makes use of an interface provided
 by the Library, but which is not otherwise based on the Library.
 Defining a subclass of a class defined by the Library is deemed a mode
 of using an interface provided by the Library.
  A "Combined Work" is a work produced by combining or linking an
 Application with the Library.  The particular version of the Library
 with which the Combined Work was made is also called the "Linked
 Version".
  The "Minimal Corresponding Source" for a Combined Work means the
 Corresponding Source for the Combined Work, excluding any source code
 for portions of the Combined Work that, considered in isolation, are
 based on the Application, and not on the Linked Version.
  The "Corresponding Application Code" for a Combined Work means the
 object code and/or source code for the Application, including any data
 and utility programs needed for reproducing the Combined Work from the
 Application, but excluding the System Libraries of the Combined Work.
  1. Exception to Section 3 of the GNU GPL.
  You may convey a covered work under sections 3 and 4 of this License
 without being bound by section 3 of the GNU GPL.
  2. Conveying Modified Versions.
  If you modify a copy of the Library, and, in your modifications, a
 facility refers to a function or data to be supplied by an Application
 that uses the facility (other than as an argument passed when the
 facility is invoked), then you may convey a copy of the modified
 version:
   a) under this License, provided that you make a good faith effort to
   ensure that, in the event an Application does not supply the
   function or data, the facility still operates, and performs
   whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful, or
   b) under the GNU GPL, with none of the additional permissions of
   this License applicable to that copy.
  3. Object Code Incorporating Material from Library Header Files.
  The object code form of an Application may incorporate material from
 a header file that is part of the Library.  You may convey such object
 code under terms of your choice, provided that, if the incorporated
 material is not limited to numerical parameters, data structure
 layouts and accessors, or small macros, inline functions and templates
 (ten or fewer lines in length), you do both of the following:
   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the object code that the
   Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
   covered by this License.
   b) Accompany the object code with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
   document.
  4. Combined Works.
  You may convey a Combined Work under terms of your choice that,
 taken together, effectively do not restrict modification of the
 portions of the Library contained in the Combined Work and reverse
 engineering for debugging such modifications, if you also do each of
 the following:
   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the Combined Work that
   the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
   covered by this License.
   b) Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
   document.
   c) For a Combined Work that displays copyright notices during
   execution, include the copyright notice for the Library among
   these notices, as well as a reference directing the user to the
   copies of the GNU GPL and this license document.
   d) Do one of the following:
       0) Convey the Minimal Corresponding Source under the terms of this
       License, and the Corresponding Application Code in a form
       suitable for, and under terms that permit, the user to
       recombine or relink the Application with a modified version of
       the Linked Version to produce a modified Combined Work, in the
       manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL for conveying
       Corresponding Source.
       1) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
       Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (a) uses at run time
       a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
       system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
       of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
       Version.
   e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
   be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
   GNU GPL, and only to the extent that such information is
   necessary to install and execute a modified version of the
   Combined Work produced by recombining or relinking the
   Application with a modified version of the Linked Version. (If
   you use option 4d0, the Installation Information must accompany
   the Minimal Corresponding Source and Corresponding Application
   Code. If you use option 4d1, you must provide the Installation
   Information in the manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL
   for conveying Corresponding Source.)
  5. Combined Libraries.
  You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
 Library side by side in a single library together with other library
 facilities that are not Applications and are not covered by this
 License, and convey such a combined library under terms of your
 choice, if you do both of the following:
   a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based
   on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities,
   conveyed under the terms of this License.
   b) Give prominent notice with the combined library that part of it
   is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the
   accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
  6. Revised Versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
 of the GNU Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new
 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
  Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
 Library as you received it specifies that a certain numbered version
 of the GNU Lesser General Public License "or any later version"
 applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
 conditions either of that published version or of any later version
 published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library as you
 received it does not specify a version number of the GNU Lesser
 General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
 General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
  If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide
 whether future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall
 apply, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is
 permanent authorization for you to choose that version for the
 Library.
--- a/97
+++ b/97
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2023 Sasha Koshka <sashakoshka@tebibyte.media>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Aaditya Aryal <aryalaadi123@gmail.com>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
@@ -9,26 +8,17 @@
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 .POSIX:
 # if using BSD make(1), remove these pragmas because they break it
 .PRAGMA: posix_202x # future POSIX standard support à la pdpmake(1)
 .PRAGMA: command_comment # breaks without this?
-DESTDIR ?= dist
+PREFIX=/usr/local
 PREFIX ?= /usr/local
-SYSEXITS != printf '\043include <sysexits.h>\n' | cpp -M - | sed 's/ /\n/g' \
+CC=cc
-	| sed -n 's/sysexits\.h//p' || printf 'include\n'
+MAKE=make
-
+RUSTC=rustc
 CC ?= cc
 RUSTC ?= rustc
 RUSTLIBS = --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
 	--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
 	--extern strerror=build/o/libstrerror.rlib
 CFLAGS += -I$(SYSEXITS)
 .PHONY: all
-all: dj false fop hru intcmp mm npc rpn scrut str strcmp swab true
+all: dj false fop hru intcmp rpn scrut str strcmp true
 build:
 	# keep build/include until bindgen(1) has stdin support
@@ -37,39 +27,36 @@ build:
 .PHONY: clean
 clean:
-	rm -rf build dist
+	rm -rf build/ dist/
 dist: all
-	mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
+	mkdir -p dist/bin dist/share/man/man1
-	cp build/bin/* $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin
+	cp build/bin/* dist/bin/
-	cp docs/*.1 $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
+	cp docs/*.1 dist/share/man/man1/
 .PHONY: install
 install: dist
-	cp -r $(DESTDIR)/* /
+	mkdir -p $(PREFIX)
 	cp -r dist/* $(PREFIX)/
 .PHONY: test
-test: build
+test: all
-	tests/posix-compat.sh
+	tests/test.sh
 	$(RUSTC) --test src/getopt-rs/lib.rs -o build/test/getopt
-.PHONY: rustlibs
+build/o/libsysexits.rlib: build
 rustlibs: build/o/libsysexits.rlib build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
 	build/o/libstrerror.rlib
 build/o/libgetopt.rlib: build src/getopt.rs
 	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib --crate-name=getopt \
 		-o $@ src/getopt.rs
 build/o/libstrerror.rlib: build src/strerror.rs
 	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib -o $@ \
 		src/strerror.rs
 build/o/libsysexits.rlib: build $(SYSEXITS)sysexits.h
 	# bandage solution until bindgen(1) gets stdin support
-	printf '#define EXIT_FAILURE 1\n' | cat - $(SYSEXITS)sysexits.h \
+	printf '#define EXIT_FAILURE 1\n' | cat - include/sysexits.h \
 		> build/include/sysexits.h 
 	bindgen --default-macro-constant-type signed --use-core --formatter=none \
-		build/include/sysexits.h | $(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type lib -o $@ -
+		"$$(printf '#include <sysexits.h>\n' \
 			| cpp -M -idirafter "build/include" - \
 			| sed 's/ /\n/g' | grep sysexits.h)" \
 		| $(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type lib -o build/o/libsysexits.rlib -
 build/o/libgetopt.rlib: src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
 	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib --crate-name=getopt \
 		-o build/o/libgetopt.rlib src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
 .PHONY: dj
 dj: build/bin/dj
@@ -83,34 +70,29 @@ build/bin/false: src/false.c build
 .PHONY: fop
 fop: build/bin/fop
-build/bin/fop: src/fop.rs build rustlibs
+build/bin/fop: src/fop.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib build/o/libsysexits.rlib
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/fop.rs
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
 		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
 		-o $@ src/fop.rs
 .PHONY: hru
 hru: build/bin/hru
-build/bin/hru: src/hru.rs build rustlibs 
+build/bin/hru: src/hru.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib build/o/libsysexits.rlib
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/hru.rs
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
 		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
 		-o $@ src/hru.rs
 .PHONY: intcmp
 intcmp: build/bin/intcmp
 build/bin/intcmp: src/intcmp.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/intcmp.c
 .PHONY: mm
 mm: build/bin/mm
 build/bin/mm: src/mm.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/mm.c
 .PHONY: npc
 npc: build/bin/npc
 build/bin/npc: src/npc.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGAS) -o $@ src/npc.c
 .PHONY: rpn
 rpn: build/bin/rpn
-build/bin/rpn: src/rpn.rs build rustlibs
+build/bin/rpn: src/rpn.rs build build/o/libsysexits.rlib
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/rpn.rs
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) \
 		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
 		-o $@ src/rpn.rs
 .PHONY: scrut
 scrut: build/bin/scrut
@@ -127,13 +109,6 @@ strcmp: build/bin/strcmp
 build/bin/strcmp: src/strcmp.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/strcmp.c
 .PHONY: swab
 swab: build/bin/swab
 build/bin/swab: src/swab.rs build build/o/libsysexits.rlib
 	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
 		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
 		-o $@ src/swab.rs
 .PHONY: true
 true: build/bin/true
 build/bin/true: src/true.c build
--- a/docs/mm.1
+++ b/docs/mm.1
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
 .TH mm 1
 .SH NAME
 mm \(en middleman
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 mm
 .RB ( -aenu )
 .RB ( -i
 .RB [ input ])
 .RB ( -o
 .RB [ output ])
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 Mm catenates input files and writes them to the start of each output file.
 .SH OPTIONS
 Mm, upon receiving the
 .B -a
 option, will open subsequent outputs for appending rather than updating.
 .PP
 The
 .B -i
 option opens a path as an input. Without any inputs specified mm will use
 standard input. Standard input itself can be specified by giving the path '-'.
 .PP
 The
 .B -o
 option opens a path as an output. Without any outputs specified mm will use
 standard output. Standard output itself can be specified by giving the
 path '-'. Standard error itself can be specified with the
 .B -e
 option.
 .PP
 The
 .B -u
 option ensures neither input or output will be buffered.
 .PP
 The
 .B -n
 option tells mm to ignore SIGINT signals.
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 If an output can no longer be written mm prints a diagnostic message, ceases
 writing to that particular output, and if there are more outputs specified,
 continues, eventually exiting unsuccessfully.
 .PP
 On error mm prints a diagnostic message and exits with the appropriate
 sysexits.h(3) status.
 .SH BUGS
 Mm does not truncate existing files, which may lead to unexpected results.
 .SH RATIONALE
 Mm was modeled after the cat and tee utilities specified in POSIX.
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 Copyright (c) 2024 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
 .SH SEE ALSO
 cat(1p), dd(1), dj(1), tee(1p)
--- a/docs/swab.1
+++ b/docs/swab.1
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
 .TH swab 1
 .SH NAME
 swab \(en swap bytes
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 swab
 .RB ( -f )
 .RB ( -w
 .R [
 .B word size
 .R ])
 .SH USAGE
 Swab swaps the latter and former halves of a block of bytes.
 .SH EXAMPLES
 The following sh(1p) line:
 .R printf 'hello world!\n' | swab
 Produces the following output:
 .R ehll oowlr!d
 .SH OPTIONS
 The
 .B -f
 option ignores system call interruptions.
 .PP
 The
 .B -w
 option configures the word size; that is, the size in bytes of the block size
 on which to operate. By default the word size is 2. The word size must be
 cleanly divisible by 2, otherwise the block of bytes being processed can't be
 halved.
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 If an error is encountered in input, output, or invocation, a diagnostic
 message will be written to standard error and swab will exit with the
 appropriate status from sysexits.h(3).
 .SH RATIONALE
 Swab was modeled after the
 .R conv=swab
 functionality specified in the POSIX dd utility but additionally allows the
 word size to be configured.
 .PP
 Swab is useful for fixing the endianness of binary files produced on other
 machines.
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 Copyright (c) 2024 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
 .SH SEE ALSO
 dd(1p)
--- a/src/dj.c
+++ b/src/dj.c
@@ -203,28 +203,28 @@ Io_fdseek(struct Io *io){
 	if(!fdisstd(io->fd) && lseek(io->fd, io->seek, SEEK_SET) != -1)
 		return -1;
-
+	else if(io->fl == write_flags){
 	/* repeated code to get the condition out of the loop */
 	if(io->fl == write_flags){
 		memset(io->buf, '\0', io->bs);
-		/* We're going to cheat and use bufuse as the retval for write(2),
+		/* This is a dirty trick; rather than testing conditions and operating
-		 * which is fine because it'll be zeroed as this function returns
+		 * likewise, because the parameters to read or write are going to be
-		 * anyway. */
+		 * the same either way, just use a function pointer to keep track of
-		do{
+		 * the intended operation. */
-			if((io->bufuse = write(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek)))
+		op = (int (*)(int, void *, size_t))&write;
-					== 0)
+		/* Function pointer casts are risky; this works because the difference
-				/* second chance */
+		 * is in the second parameter and only that write(2) makes the buffer
-				io->bufuse = write(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek));
+		 * const whereas read(2) does not. To avoid even the slightest
-		}while((io->seek -= io->bufuse) > 0 && io->bufuse != 0);
+		 * undefined behavior comment out the cast, just be ready for a
-	}else if(io->fl == read_flags){
+		 * -Wincompatible-function-pointer-types if your compiler notices it.
-		do{
+		 */
 			if((io->bufuse = read(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek)))
 					== 0)
 				/* second chance */
 				io->bufuse = read(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek));
 		}while((io->seek -= io->bufuse) > 0 && io->bufuse != 0);
 	}else
-		return EX_SOFTWARE;
+		op = &read;
 	/* We're going to cheat and use bufuse as the retval for write(2), which is
 	 * fine because it'll be zeroed as this function returns anyway. */
 	do{	if(	(io->bufuse = (*op)(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek))) == 0)
 			/* second chance */
 			io->bufuse = (*op)(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek));
 	}while((io->seek -= io->bufuse) > 0 && io->bufuse != 0);
 	io->bufuse = 0;
--- a/src/fop.rs
+++ b/src/fop.rs
@@ -22,52 +22,40 @@ use std::{
 	process::{ Command, exit, Stdio },
 };
 extern crate getopt;
 extern crate strerror;
 extern crate sysexits;
 extern crate getopt;
-use getopt::GetOpt;
+use getopt::{ Opt, Parser };
 use strerror::StrError;
 use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_IOERR, EX_UNAVAILABLE, EX_USAGE };
 fn main() {
 	let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
 	let mut d = '␞';
-	let usage = format!(
+	let mut arg_parser = Parser::new(&argv, "d:");
 		"Usage: {} [-d delimiter] index command [args...]",
 		argv[0],
 	);
 	let mut index_arg = 0;
-	while let Some(opt) = argv.getopt("d:") {
+	while let Some(opt) = arg_parser.next() {
 		match opt {
-			Ok(o) => {
+			Ok(Opt('d', Some(arg))) => {
 				/* unwrap because Err(OptError::MissingArg) will be returned if
 				 * o.arg is None */
 				let arg = o.arg.unwrap();
 				let arg_char = arg.chars().collect::<Vec<char>>();
 				if arg_char.len() > 1 {
 					eprintln!("{}: {}: Not a character.", argv[0], arg);
 					exit(EX_USAGE);
 				} else { d = arg_char[0]; }
 				index_arg = o.ind as usize;
 			},
-			Err(_) => {
+			_ => {},
 				eprintln!("{}", usage);
 				exit(EX_USAGE);
 			}
 		};
 	}
-	let command_arg = index_arg as usize + 1;
+	let index_arg = arg_parser.index();
 	let command_arg = arg_parser.index() + 1;
 	argv.get(command_arg).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-		eprintln!("{}", usage);
+		eprintln!("Usage: {} [-d delimiter] index command [args...]", argv[0]);
 		exit(EX_USAGE);
 	});
 	let index = argv[index_arg].parse::<usize>().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[1], e);
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[1], e);
 		exit(EX_DATAERR);
 	});
@@ -87,13 +75,13 @@ fn main() {
 		.stdout(Stdio::piped())
 		.spawn()
 		.unwrap_or_else( |e| {
-			eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e.strerror());
+			eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
 			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
 		});
 	let field = fields.get(index).unwrap_or_else(|| {
 		eprintln!(
-			"{}: {}: No such index in input",
+			"{}: {}: No such index in input.",
 			argv[0],
 			index.to_string(),
 		);
@@ -106,7 +94,7 @@ fn main() {
 	}
 	let output = spawned.wait_with_output().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e.strerror());
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
 		exit(EX_IOERR);
 	});
@@ -115,7 +103,7 @@ fn main() {
 	if replace.pop() != Some(b'\n') { replace = output.stdout; }
 	let new_field = String::from_utf8(replace).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
 		exit(EX_IOERR);
 	});
@@ -123,8 +111,8 @@ fn main() {
 	stdout().write_all(
 		fields.join(&d.to_string()).as_bytes()
-	).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+	).unwrap_or_else(|e|{
-		eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], e.strerror());
+		eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], e);
 		exit(EX_IOERR);
 	});
 }
--- a/src/getopt-rs/error.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 use std::{ error, fmt };
 use crate::ErrorKind::{ self, * };
 /// A basic error type for [`Parser`](struct.Parser.html)
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Error {
    culprit: char,
    kind: ErrorKind,
 }
 impl Error {
    /// Creates a new error using a known kind and the character that caused the
 	/// issue.
    pub fn new(kind: ErrorKind, culprit: char) -> Self {
        Self { culprit, kind }
    }
    /// Returns the [`ErrorKind`](enum.ErrorKind.html) for this error.
    pub fn kind(self) -> ErrorKind {
        self.kind
    }
 }
 impl fmt::Display for Error {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        match self.kind {
            MissingArgument => write!(
 				f, 
 				"option requires an argument -- {:?}",
 				self.culprit,
 			),
            UnknownOption => write!(f, "unknown option -- {:?}", self.culprit),
        }
    }
 }
 impl error::Error for Error {
    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn error::Error + 'static)> {
        None
    }
 }
--- a/src/getopt-rs/errorkind.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/errorkind.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 /// What kinds of errors [`Parser`](struct.Parser.html) can return.
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum ErrorKind {
    /// An argument was not found for an option that was expecting one.
    MissingArgument,
    /// An unknown option character was encountered.
    UnknownOption,
 }
--- a/src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 //! # getopt
 //!
 //! `getopt` provides a minimal, (essentially) POSIX-compliant option parser.
 pub use crate::{
 	error::Error,
 	errorkind::ErrorKind,
 	opt::Opt,
 	parser::Parser,
 	result::Result
 };
 mod error;
 mod errorkind;
 mod opt;
 mod parser;
 mod result;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
--- a/src/getopt-rs/opt.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/opt.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 use std::fmt;
 /// A single option.
 ///
 /// For `Opt(x, y)`:
 ///   - `x` is the character representing the option.
 ///   - `y` is `Some` string, or `None` if no argument was expected.
 ///
 /// # Example
 ///
 /// ```
 /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
 /// use getopt::Opt;
 ///
 /// // args = ["program", "-abc", "foo"];
 /// # let args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "-abc", "foo"]
 /// #     .into_iter()
 /// #     .map(String::from)
 /// #     .collect();
 /// let optstring = "ab:c";
 /// let mut opts = getopt::Parser::new(&args, optstring);
 ///
 /// assert_eq!(Opt('a', None), opts.next().transpose()?.unwrap());
 /// assert_eq!(Opt('b', Some("c".to_string())), opts.next().transpose()?.unwrap());
 /// assert_eq!(None, opts.next().transpose()?);
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct Opt(pub char, pub Option<String>);
 impl fmt::Display for Opt {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "Opt({:?}, {:?})", self.0, self.1)
    }
 }
--- a/src/getopt-rs/parser.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/parser.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use crate::{ error::Error, errorkind::ErrorKind, opt::Opt, result::Result };
 /// The core of the `getopt` crate.
 ///
 /// `Parser` is implemented as an iterator over the options present in the given
 /// argument vector.
 ///
 /// The method [`next`](#method.next) does the heavy lifting.
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ## Simplified usage:
 /// ```
 /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
 /// use getopt::Opt;
 ///
 /// // args = ["program", "-abc", "foo"];
 /// # let args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "-abc", "foo"]
 /// #     .into_iter()
 /// #     .map(String::from)
 /// #     .collect();
 /// let mut opts = getopt::Parser::new(&args, "ab:c");
 ///
 /// assert_eq!(Some(Opt('a', None)), opts.next().transpose()?);
 /// assert_eq!(1, opts.index());
 /// assert_eq!(Some(Opt('b', Some("c".to_string()))), opts.next().transpose()?);
 /// assert_eq!(2, opts.index());
 /// assert_eq!(None, opts.next());
 /// assert_eq!(2, opts.index());
 /// assert_eq!("foo", args[opts.index()]);
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// ## A more idiomatic example:
 /// ```
 /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
 /// use getopt::Opt;
 ///
 /// // args = ["program", "-abc", "-d", "foo", "-e", "bar"];
 /// # let mut args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "-abc", "-d", "foo", "-e", "bar"]
 /// #     .into_iter()
 /// #     .map(String::from)
 /// #     .collect();
 /// let mut opts = getopt::Parser::new(&args, "ab:cd:e");
 ///
 /// let mut a_flag = false;
 /// let mut b_flag = String::new();
 /// let mut c_flag = false;
 /// let mut d_flag = String::new();
 /// let mut e_flag = false;
 ///
 /// loop {
 ///     match opts.next().transpose()? {
 ///         None => break,
 ///         Some(opt) => match opt {
 ///             Opt('a', None) => a_flag = true,
 ///             Opt('b', Some(arg)) => b_flag = arg.clone(),
 ///             Opt('c', None) => c_flag = true,
 ///             Opt('d', Some(arg)) => d_flag = arg.clone(),
 ///             Opt('e', None) => e_flag = true,
 ///             _ => unreachable!(),
 ///         },
 ///     }
 /// }
 ///
 /// let new_args = args.split_off(opts.index());
 ///
 /// assert_eq!(true, a_flag);
 /// assert_eq!("c", b_flag);
 /// assert_eq!(false, c_flag);
 /// assert_eq!("foo", d_flag);
 /// assert_eq!(true, e_flag);
 ///
 /// assert_eq!(1, new_args.len());
 /// assert_eq!("bar", new_args.first().unwrap());
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Parser {
    opts: HashMap<char, bool>,
    args: Vec<Vec<char>>,
    index: usize,
    point: usize,
 }
 impl Parser {
    /// Create a new `Parser`, which will process the arguments in `args`
 	/// according to the options specified in `optstring`.
    ///
    /// For compatibility with
 	/// [`std::env::args`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/env/fn.args.html),
    /// valid options are expected to begin at the second element of `args`, and
 	/// `index` is
    /// initialised to `1`.
    /// If `args` is structured differently, be sure to call
 	/// [`set_index`](#method.set_index) before the first invocation of
 	/// [`next`](#method.next).
    ///
    /// `optstring` is a string of recognised option characters; if a character
 	/// is followed by a colon (`:`), that option takes an argument.
    ///
    /// # Note:
    /// Transforming the OS-specific argument strings into a vector of `String`s
 	/// is the sole responsibility of the calling program, as it involves some
 	/// level of potential information loss (which this crate does not presume
 	/// to handle unilaterally) and error handling (which would complicate the
 	/// interface).
    pub fn new(args: &[String], optstring: &str) -> Self {
        let optstring: Vec<char> = optstring.chars().collect();
        let mut opts = HashMap::new();
        let mut i = 0;
        let len = optstring.len();
        while i < len {
            let j = i + 1;
            if j < len && optstring[j] == ':' {
                opts.insert(optstring[i], true);
                i += 1;
            } else {
                opts.insert(optstring[i], false);
            }
            i += 1;
        }
        Self {
            opts,
            // "explode" the args into a vector of character vectors, to allow
 			// indexing
            args: args.iter().map(|e| e.chars().collect()).collect(),
            index: 1,
            point: 0,
        }
    }
    /// Return the current `index` of the parser.
    ///
    /// `args[index]` will always point to the the next element of `args`; when
 	/// the parser is
    /// finished with an element, it will increment `index`.
    ///
    /// After the last option has been parsed (and [`next`](#method.next) is
 	/// returning `None`),
    /// `index` will point to the first non-option argument.
    pub fn index(&self) -> usize {
        self.index
    }
    // `point` must be reset to 0 whenever `index` is changed
    /// Modify the current `index` of the parser.
    pub fn set_index(&mut self, value: usize) {
        self.index = value;
        self.point = 0;
    }
    /// Increment the current `index` of the parser.
    ///
    /// This use case is common enough to warrant its own optimised method.
    pub fn incr_index(&mut self) {
        self.index += 1;
        self.point = 0;
    }
 }
 impl Iterator for Parser {
    type Item = Result<Opt>;
    /// Returns the next option, if any.
    ///
    /// Returns an [`Error`](struct.Error.html) if an unexpected option is
 	/// encountered or if an
    /// expected argument is not found.
    ///
    /// Parsing stops at the first non-hyphenated argument; or at the first
 	/// argument matching "-";
    /// or after the first argument matching "--".
    ///
    /// When no more options are available, `next` returns `None`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ## "-"
    /// ```
    /// use getopt::Parser;
    ///
    /// // args = ["program", "-", "-a"];
    /// # let args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "-", "-a"]
    /// #     .into_iter()
    /// #     .map(String::from)
    /// #     .collect();
    /// let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, "a");
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(None, opts.next());
    /// assert_eq!("-", args[opts.index()]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// ## "--"
    /// ```
    /// use getopt::Parser;
    ///
    /// // args = ["program", "--", "-a"];
    /// # let args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "--", "-a"]
    /// #     .into_iter()
    /// #     .map(String::from)
    /// #     .collect();
    /// let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, "a");
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(None, opts.next());
    /// assert_eq!("-a", args[opts.index()]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// ## Unexpected option:
    /// ```
    /// use getopt::Parser;
    ///
    /// // args = ["program", "-b"];
    /// # let args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "-b"]
    /// #     .into_iter()
    /// #     .map(String::from)
    /// #     .collect();
    /// let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, "a");
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(
    ///     "unknown option -- 'b'".to_string(),
    ///     opts.next().unwrap().unwrap_err().to_string()
    /// );
    /// ```
    ///
    /// ## Missing argument:
    /// ```
    /// use getopt::Parser;
    ///
    /// // args = ["program", "-a"];
    /// # let args: Vec<String> = vec!["program", "-a"]
    /// #     .into_iter()
    /// #     .map(String::from)
    /// #     .collect();
    /// let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, "a:");
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(
    ///     "option requires an argument -- 'a'".to_string(),
    ///     opts.next().unwrap().unwrap_err().to_string()
    /// );
    /// ```
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Result<Opt>> {
        if self.point == 0 {
            /*
             * Rationale excerpts below taken verbatim from "The Open Group Base
 			 * Specifications Issue 7, 2018 edition", IEEE Std 1003.1-2017
 			 * (Revision of IEEE Std 1003.1-2008).
             * Copyright © 2001-2018 IEEE and The Open Group.
             */
            /*
             * If, when getopt() is called:
             *      argv[optind]    is a null pointer
             *      *argv[optind]   is not the character '-'
             *      argv[optind]    points to the string "-"
             * getopt() shall return -1 without changing optind.
             */
            if self.index >= self.args.len()
                || self.args[self.index].is_empty()
                || self.args[self.index][0] != '-'
                || self.args[self.index].len() == 1
            {
                return None;
            }
            /*
             * If:
             *      argv[optind]    points to the string "--"
             * getopt() shall return -1 after incrementing index.
             */
            if self.args[self.index][1] == '-' && self.args[self.index].len() == 2 {
                self.incr_index();
                return None;
            }
            // move past the starting '-'
            self.point += 1;
        }
        let opt = self.args[self.index][self.point];
        self.point += 1;
        match self.opts.get(&opt) {
            None => {
                if self.point >= self.args[self.index].len() {
                    self.incr_index();
                }
                Some(Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::UnknownOption, opt)))
            }
            Some(false) => {
                if self.point >= self.args[self.index].len() {
                    self.incr_index();
                }
                Some(Ok(Opt(opt, None)))
            }
            Some(true) => {
                let arg: String = if self.point >= self.args[self.index].len() {
                    self.incr_index();
                    if self.index >= self.args.len() {
                        return Some(Err(Error::new(
 									ErrorKind::MissingArgument,
 									opt,
 								)));
                    }
                    self.args[self.index].iter().collect()
                } else {
                    self.args[self.index]
                        .clone()
                        .split_off(self.point)
                        .iter()
                        .collect()
                };
                self.incr_index();
                Some(Ok(Opt(opt, Some(arg))))
            }
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/getopt-rs/result.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/result.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 use std::result;
 use crate::error::Error;
 /// A specialized `Result` type for use with [`Parser`](struct.Parser.html)
 pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;
--- a/src/getopt-rs/tests.rs
+++ b/src/getopt-rs/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and permission
 * notice:
 *     The Clear BSD License
 *
 *     Copyright © 2017-2023 David Wildasin
 *     All rights reserved.
 *
 *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *     modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the disclaimer
 *     below) provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *          * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *          * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *          notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the
 *          documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *          * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 *          contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *          this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *     NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE GRANTED
 *     BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 *     CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 *     BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 *     FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *     HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *     SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 *     TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 *     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 *     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 *     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 use crate::{Opt, Parser};
 macro_rules! basic_test {
    ($name:ident, $expect:expr, $next:expr, [$($arg:expr),+], $optstr:expr) => (
        #[test]
        fn $name() -> Result<(), String> {
            let expect: Option<Opt> = $expect;
            let args: Vec<String> = vec![$($arg),+]
 				.into_iter()
 				.map(String::from)
 				.collect();
            let next: Option<String> = $next;
            let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, $optstr);
            match opts.next().transpose() {
                Err(error) => {
                    return Err(format!("next() returned {:?}", error))
                },
                Ok(actual) => if actual != expect {
                    return Err(
 						format!("expected {:?}; got {:?}", expect, actual)
 					)
                },
            };
            match next {
                None => if opts.index() < args.len() {
                    return Err(format!(
 							"expected end of args; got {:?}", args[opts.index()]
 					))
                },
                Some(n) => if args[opts.index()] != n {
                    return Err(format!(
 							"next arg: expected {:?}; got {:?}",
 							n,
 							args[opts.index()]
 					))
                },
            };
            Ok(())
        }
    )
 }
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	blank_arg, None, Some(String::new()), ["x", ""], "a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	double_dash, None, Some("-a".to_string()), ["x", "--", "-a", "foo"], "a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(no_opts_1, None, None, ["x"], "a");
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	no_opts_2, None, Some("foo".to_string()), ["x", "foo"], "a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	no_opts_3, None, Some("foo".to_string()), ["x", "foo", "-a"], "a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	single_dash, None, Some("-".to_string()), ["x", "-", "-a", "foo"], "a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	single_opt,
 	Some(Opt('a', None)),
 	Some("foo".to_string()),
 	["x", "-a", "foo"],
 	"a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] basic_test!(
 	single_optarg,
 	Some(Opt('a', Some("foo".to_string()))),
 	None,
 	["x", "-a", "foo"],
 	"a:"
 );
 macro_rules! error_test {
    ($name:ident, $expect:expr, [$($arg:expr),+], $optstr:expr) => (
        #[test]
        fn $name() -> Result<(), String> {
            let expect: String = $expect.to_string();
            let args: Vec<String> = vec![$($arg),+]
 				.into_iter()
 				.map(String::from)
 				.collect();
            let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, $optstr);
            match opts.next() {
                None => {
                    return Err(format!(
 							"unexpected successful response: end of options"
 					))
                },
                Some(Err(actual)) => {
                    let actual = actual.to_string();
                    if actual != expect {
                        return Err(
 							format!("expected {:?}; got {:?}", expect, actual)
 						);
                    }
                },
                Some(Ok(opt)) => {
                    return Err(
 						format!("unexpected successful response: {:?}", opt)
 					)
                },
            };
            Ok(())
        }
    )
 }
 #[rustfmt::skip] error_test!(
 	bad_opt,
 	"unknown option -- 'b'",
 	["x", "-b"],
 	"a"
 );
 #[rustfmt::skip] error_test!(
 	missing_optarg,
 	"option requires an argument -- 'a'",
 	["x", "-a"],
 	"a:"
 );
 #[test]
 fn multiple() -> Result<(), String> {
    let args: Vec<String> = vec!["x", "-abc", "-d", "foo", "-e", "bar"]
        .into_iter()
        .map(String::from)
        .collect();
    let optstring = "ab:d:e".to_string();
    let mut opts = Parser::new(&args, &optstring);
    macro_rules! check_result {
        ($expect:expr) => {
            let expect: Option<Opt> = $expect;
            match opts.next().transpose() {
                Err(error) => {
 					return Err(format!("next() returned {:?}", error));
 				},
                Ok(actual) => {
                    if actual != expect {
                        return Err(
 							format!("expected {:?}; got {:?}", expect, actual)
 						);
                    }
                }
            };
        };
    }
    check_result!(Some(Opt('a', None)));
    check_result!(Some(Opt('b', Some("c".to_string()))));
    check_result!(Some(Opt('d', Some("foo".to_string()))));
    check_result!(Some(Opt('e', None)));
    check_result!(None);
    Ok(())
 }
 #[test]
 fn continue_after_error() {
    let args: Vec<String> = vec!["x", "-z", "-abc"]
        .into_iter()
        .map(String::from)
        .collect();
    let optstring = "ab:d:e".to_string();
    for _opt in Parser::new(&args, &optstring) {
        // do nothing, should not panic
    }
 }
--- a/src/getopt.rs
+++ b/src/getopt.rs
@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 */
 use std::ffi::{ c_int, c_char, CString, CStr };
 pub struct Opt {
 	pub arg: Option<String>,
 	pub ind: i32,
 	pub opt: String,
 }
 pub enum OptError {
 	MissingArg(String),
 	UnknownOpt(String),
 }
 /* function signature */
 pub trait GetOpt {
 	fn getopt(&self, optstring: &str) -> Option<Result<Opt, OptError>>;
 }
 impl GetOpt for Vec<String> {
    fn getopt(&self, optstring: &str) -> Option<Result<Opt, OptError>> {
        let c_strings: Vec<_> = self
 			.iter()
 			.cloned()
 			.map(CString::new)
 			.map(Result::unwrap)
 			.collect();
 		/* these operations must be separated out into separate operations so
 		 * the CStrings can live long enough */
        let argv: Vec<_> = c_strings.iter().map(|x| x.as_ptr()).collect();
        let argv_ptr = argv.as_ptr() as *const *mut c_char;
        let opts = CString::new(optstring).unwrap().into_raw();
        let len = self.len() as c_int;
        unsafe { // TODO: enable optind modification
            match getopt(len, argv_ptr, opts) { 
 				/* From getopt(3p):
 				 *
 				 * The getopt() function shall return the next option character
 				 * specified on the command line.
 				 *
 				 * A <colon> (':') shall be returned if getopt() detects a
 				 * missing argument and the first character of optstring was a
 				 * <colon> (':').
 				 *
 				 * A <question-mark> ('?') shall be returned if getopt()
 				 * encounters an option character not in optstring or detects a
 				 * missing argument and the first character of optstring was not
 				 * a <colon> (':').
 				 *
 				 * Otherwise, getopt() shall return -1 when all command line
 				 * options are parsed. */
                58 => { /* numerical ASCII value for ':' */
 					Some(Err(OptError::MissingArg(optopt.to_string())))
 				},
                63 => { /* numerical ASCII value for '?' */
 					Some(Err(OptError::UnknownOpt(optopt.to_string())))
 				},
 				/* From getopt(3p):
 				 *
 				 * If, when getopt() is called:
 				 *
 				 * argv[optind]  is a null pointer
 				 * *argv[optind]  is not the character -
 				 * argv[optind]  points to the string "-"
 				 *
 				 * getopt() shall return -1 without changing optind.  If:
 				 *
 				 * argv[optind]   points to the string "--"
 				 *
 				 * getopt() shall return -1 after incrementing optind. */
                -1 => return None,
                opt => {
 					let arg = CStr::from_ptr(optarg)
 						.to_string_lossy()
 						.into_owned();
 					Some(Ok(Opt {
 						arg: Some(arg), /* opt argument */
 						ind: optind, /* opt index */
 						opt: opt.to_string(), /* option itself */
 					}))
 				},
            }
        }
    }
 }
 /* binding to getopt(3p) */
 extern "C" {
 	static mut optarg: *mut c_char;
 	static mut _opterr: c_int;
 	static mut optind: c_int;
 	static mut optopt: c_int;
 	fn getopt(
 		___argc: c_int,
 		___argv: *const *mut c_char,
 		__shortopts: *const c_char,
 	) -> c_int;
 }
--- a/src/hru.rs
+++ b/src/hru.rs
@@ -23,10 +23,8 @@ use std::{
 	process::{ ExitCode, exit },
 };
 extern crate strerror;
 extern crate sysexits;
 use strerror::StrError;
 use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_IOERR, EX_SOFTWARE };
 const LIST: [(u32, &str); 10] = [
@@ -51,7 +49,7 @@ fn convert(input: u128) -> Result<(f64, (u32, &'static str)), String> {
 		let c = match 10_u128.checked_pow(n) {
 			Some(c) => c,
 			None => {
-				return Err(format!("10^{}: Integer overflow", n.to_string()));
+				return Err(format!("10^{}: Integer overflow.", n.to_string()));
 			},
 		};
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
 				f
 			},
 			Err(err) => {
-				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], err);
+				eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], err);
 				return ExitCode::from(EX_DATAERR as u8);
 			},
 		};
@@ -89,7 +87,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
 		let (number, prefix) = match convert(n) {
 			Ok(x) => x,
 			Err(err) => {
-				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], err);
+				eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], err);
 				return ExitCode::from(EX_SOFTWARE as u8);
 			},
 		};
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
 		stdout().write_all(format!("{} {}\n", out, si_prefix).as_bytes())
 			.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], e.strerror());
+				eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], e);
 				exit(EX_IOERR);
 			});
 	}
--- a/src/mm.c
+++ b/src/mm.c
@@ -1,224 +0,0 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 */
 #include <errno.h> /* errno */
 #include <signal.h> /* signal(2), SIG_ERR, SIG_IGN, SIGINT */
 #include <stdio.h> /* fclose(3), fopen(3), fprintf(3), getc(3), putc(3),
                    * setvbuf(3), size_t, _IONBF, NULL */
 #include <stdlib.h> /* free(3), realloc(3) */
 #include <string.h> /* strcmp(3), strerror(3) */
 #include <unistd.h> /* getopt(3) */
 #if !defined EX_IOERR || !defined EX_OK || !defined EX_OSERR \
 		|| !defined EX_USAGE
 #	include <sysexits.h>
 #endif
 extern int errno;
 /* This structure is how open files are tracked. */
 struct Files{
 	size_t a;	/* allocation */
 	size_t s;	/* used size */
 	char *mode;	/* file opening mode */
 	char **names;	/* file names */
 	FILE **files;	/* file pointers */
 };
 /* How much to grow the allocation when it's saturated. */
 #ifndef ALLOC_INCREMENT
 #	define ALLOC_INCREMENT 1
 #endif
 /* How much to grow the allocation at program start. */
 #ifndef ALLOC_INITIAL
 #	define ALLOC_INITIAL 10
 #endif
 /* pre-allocated strings */
 static char *program_name = "<no argv[0]>";
 static char *stdin_name = "<stdin>";
 static char *stdout_name = "<stdout>";
 static char *stderr_name = "<stderr>";
 static char *(fmode[]) = { (char []){"rb"}, (char []){"rb+"} };
 static char *wharsh = "wb";
 /* Adds the open FILE pointer for the file at the path s to the files struct,
 * returning the FILE if successful and NULL if not, allocating more memory in
 * the files buffers as needed. */
 static FILE *
 Files_append(struct Files *files, FILE *file, char *name){
 	if(file == NULL || (files->s == files->a
 			&& ((files->files = realloc(files->files,
 					(files->a += (files->a == 0)
 						? ALLOC_INITIAL
 						: ALLOC_INCREMENT)
 					* sizeof *(files->files))) == NULL
 				|| (files->names = realloc(files->names,
 					files->a * sizeof *(files->names))) == NULL)))
 		return NULL;
 	files->names[files->s] = name;
 	return files->files[files->s++] = file;
 }
 /* Opens the file at the path p and puts it in the files struct, returning NULL
 * if either the opening or the placement of the open FILE pointer fail. */
 #define Files_open(files, p) \
 	Files_append((files), fopen((p), (files)->mode), (p))
 /* Prints a diagnostic message based on errno and returns an exit status
 * appropriate for an OS error. */
 static int
 oserr(char *s, char *r){
 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", s, r, strerror(errno));
 	return EX_OSERR;
 }
 /* Hijacks i and j from main and destructs the files[2] struct used by main by
 * closing its files and freeing its files and names arrays, returning retval
 * from main. */
 #define terminate \
 	for(i = 0; i < 2; ++i){ \
 		for(j = 0; j < files[i].s; ++j) \
 			if(files[i].files[j] != stdin \
 					&& files[i].files[j] != stdout \
 					&& files[i].files[j] != stderr) \
 				fclose(files[i].files[j]); \
 		free(files[i].files); \
 		free(files[i].names); \
 	} \
 	return retval
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 	int c;
 	struct Files files[2]; /* {read, write} */
 	size_t i;
 	size_t j;
 	size_t k; /* loop index but also unbuffer status */
 	int retval;
 	/* Initializes the files structs with their default values, standard
 	 * input and standard output. If an input or an output is specified
 	 * these initial values will be overwritten, so to, say, use mm(1)
 	 * equivalently to tee(1p), -o - will need to be specified before
 	 * additional files to ensure standard output is still written. */
 	for(i = 0; i < 2; ++i){
 		files[i].a = 0;
 		files[i].s = 0;
 		files[i].mode = fmode[i];
 		files[i].files = NULL;
 		files[i].names = NULL;
 		Files_append(&files[i], i == 0 ? stdin : stdout,
 			i == 0 ? stdin_name : stdout_name);
 		files[i].s = 0;
 	}
 	k = 0;
 	if(argc > 0)
 		program_name = argv[0];
 	if(argc > 1)
 		while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "aehi:no:u")) != -1)
 			switch(c){
 			case 'a': /* "rb+" -> "ab" */
 				files[1].mode[0] = 'a';
 				files[1].mode[2] = '\0';
 				break;
 			case 'e':
 				if(Files_append(&files[1], stderr, stderr_name) != NULL)
 					break;
 				retval = oserr(argv[0], "-e");
 				terminate;
 			case 'i':
 				if((strcmp(optarg, "-") == 0 && Files_append(&files[0],
 							stdin, stdin_name) != NULL)
 						|| Files_open(&files[0], optarg) != NULL)
 					break;
 				retval = oserr(argv[0], optarg);
 				terminate;
 			case 'o':
 				if((strcmp(optarg, "-") == 0 && Files_append(&files[1],
 							stdout, stdout_name) != NULL)
 						|| Files_open(&files[1], optarg) != NULL)
 					break;
 				/* does not exist, so try to create it */
 				if(errno == ENOENT){
 					files[1].mode = wharsh;
 					if(Files_open(&files[1], optarg) != NULL){
 						files[1].mode = fmode[1];
 						break;
 					}
 				}
 				retval = oserr(argv[0], optarg);
 				terminate;
 			case 'n':
 				if(signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_ERR)
 					break;
 				retval = oserr(argv[0], "-n");
 				terminate;
 			case 'u':
 				k = 1;
 				break;
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s (-aenu) (-i [input])..."
 					" (-o [output])...\n", argv[0]);
 				retval = EX_USAGE;
 				terminate;
 			}
 	files[0].s += files[0].s == 0;
 	files[1].s += files[1].s == 0;
 	/* Unbuffer files. */
 	if(k){
 		for(i = 0;
 			i < files[0].s;
 			setvbuf(files[0].files[i++], NULL, _IONBF, 0));
 		for(i = 0;
 			i < files[1].s;
 			setvbuf(files[1].files[i++], NULL, _IONBF, 0));
 	}
 	retval = EX_OK;
 	/* Actual program loop. */
 	for(i = 0; i < files[0].s; ++i) /* iterate ins */
 		while((c = getc(files[0].files[i])) != EOF) /* iterate chars */
 			for(j = 0; j < files[1].s; ++j) /* iterate outs */
 				if(putc(c, files[1].files[j]) == EOF){
 					/* notebook's full */
 					retval = EX_IOERR;
 					fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n",
 						program_name, files[1].names[j], strerror(errno));
 					if(fclose(files[1].files[j]) == EOF)
 						fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n",
 							program_name, files[1].names[j], strerror(errno));
 					/* massage out the tense muscle */
 					for(k = j--; k < files[1].s - 1; ++k){
 						files[1].files[k] = files[1].files[k+1];
 						files[1].names[k] = files[1].names[k+1];
 					}
 					if(--files[1].s == 0)
 						terminate;
 				}
 	terminate;
 }
--- a/src/rpn.rs
+++ b/src/rpn.rs
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ fn eval(
 					};
 				} else {
 					return Err(EvaluationError {
-						message: format!("{}: Unexpected operation", op),
+						message: format!("{}: Unexpected operation.", op),
 						code: EX_DATAERR,
 					})
 				}
--- a/src/strerror.rs
+++ b/src/strerror.rs
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 *
 * Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 * permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and
 * this notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 */
 use std::ffi::{ c_int, c_char, CStr };
 pub trait StrError { fn strerror(&self) -> String; }
 impl StrError for std::io::Error {
 	/* wrapper function for use in Rust */
 	fn strerror(&self) -> String {
 		/* Get the raw OS error. If it’s None, what the hell is going on‽ */
 		let errno = self.raw_os_error().unwrap_or(0) as c_int;
 		/* Get a CStr from the error message so that it’s referenced and then
 		 * convert it to an owned value. If the string is not valid UTF-8,
 		 * return that error instead. */
 		match unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(strerror(errno)) }.to_str() {
 			Ok(s) => s.to_owned(), // yay!! :D
 			Err(e) => e.to_string(), // awww :(
 		}
 	}
 }
 /* binding to strerror(3p) */
 extern "C" { fn strerror(errnum: c_int) -> *mut c_char; }
--- a/src/swab.rs
+++ b/src/swab.rs
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 */
 use std::{
 	env::args,
 	io::{ stdin, stdout, Error, ErrorKind, Read, Write },
 	process::ExitCode,
 	vec::Vec
 };
 extern crate getopt;
 use getopt::{ Opt, Parser };
 extern crate sysexits;
 use sysexits::{ EX_OK, EX_OSERR, EX_USAGE };
 fn oserr(s: &str, e: Error) -> ExitCode {
 	eprintln!("{}: {}", s, e);
 	ExitCode::from(EX_OSERR as u8)
 }
 fn usage(s: &str) -> ExitCode {
 	eprintln!("Usage: {} (-f) (-w [wordsize])", s);
 	ExitCode::from(EX_USAGE as u8)
 }
 fn main() -> ExitCode {
 	let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
 	let mut buf: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
 	let mut input = stdin();
 	let mut output = stdout().lock();
 	let mut opts = Parser::new(&argv, "fw:");
 	let mut force = false;
 	let mut wordsize: usize = 2;
 	loop {
 		match opts.next() {
 			None => break,
 			Some(opt) =>
 				match opt {
 					Ok(Opt('f', None)) => force = true,
 					Ok(Opt('w', Some(arg))) => {
 						match arg.parse::<usize>() {
 							Ok(w) if w % 2 == 0 => { wordsize = w; () },
 							_ => { return usage(&argv[0]); },
 						}
 					},
 					_ => { return usage(&argv[0]); }
 				}
 		}
 	}
 	buf.resize(wordsize, 0);
 	loop {
 		match input.read(&mut buf) {
 			Ok(0) => break ExitCode::from(EX_OK as u8),
 			Ok(v) if v == wordsize => {
 				let (left, right) = buf.split_at(v/2);
 				if let Err(e) = output.write(&right)
 						.and_then(|_| output.write(&left)) {
 					break oserr(&argv[0], e)
 				}
 			},
 			Ok(v) => {
 				if let Err(e) = output.write(&buf[..v]) {
 					break oserr(&argv[0], e)
 				}
 			},
 			Err(e) if e.kind() == ErrorKind::Interrupted && force => continue,
 			Err(e) => break oserr(&argv[0], e)
 		}
 	}
 }
--- a/src/test.rs
+++ b/src/test.rs
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
 extern crate strerror;
 use strerror::raw_message;
 fn main() {
 	stdout.write_all(b"meow\n").unwrap_or_else(|e| {
 		eprintln!("{}", raw_message(e));
 		std::process::exit(1);
 	});
 }
--- a/tests/bonsai/dj.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/dj.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 ! dj -h
 # This test is theoretically Linux-dependent; write(2) should return -1 on
 # error.
 # Right now dj(1) interprets the return value of write(2) as the amount of
 # bytes written. This can decrement the stored quantity of bytes written,
 # which is an int, so doesn't underflow but goes negative. dj(1) tries to
 # again to write(2) if an error occurs in which no bytes are written, so in
 # total two write(2)s are attempted and so the written byte quantity is -2.
 # This is a bug and will change, but for now is at least documented.
 dj -Hi /dev/zero -o /dev/full \
 	| xargs -I out "$BIN/strcmp" '1+0 > 0+0; 1024 > -2' out
 # Read nothing from /dev/null, write nothing to /dev/null.
 dj -Hi /dev/null -o /dev/null \
 	| xargs -I out "$BIN/strcmp" '0+0 > 0+0; 0 > 0' out
--- a/tests/bonsai/false.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/false.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 ! false
 ! false -h
--- a/tests/bonsai/fop.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/fop.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 ! fop -h
 "$BIN/strcmp" "$(printf 'test0␞test1␞test2\n' | fop 1 sed 's/1/4/g')" \
 	'test0␞test4␞test2'
 "$BIN/strcmp" "$(printf 'test0 test1 test2\n' | fop -d' ' 2 sed 's/2/4/g')" \
 	'test0 test1 test4'
 ! printf 'test\n' | fop 1 cat
 ! printf 'test\n' | fop 'test' cat
 ! printf 'test\n' | fop -d'test' cat
--- a/tests/bonsai/hru.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/hru.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 alias strcmp="$BIN/strcmp"
 alias rpn="$BIN/rpn"
 strcmp "$(printf '1234\n' | hru)" '1.2 kB'
 strcmp "$(printf '0\n' | hru)" '0 B'
 # doesn’t currently work but would be useful for testing for regressions
 #n=1
 #while "$BIN/true"; do
 #	n="$(rpn "$n" 10 ×)"
 #
 #	printf '%s\n' "$n" | hru || break
 #done
 #printf 'integer limit: ~%s\n' "$(rpn "$n" 10 ÷)"
 ! printf '%s\n' '-1' | hru
--- a/tests/bonsai/intcmp.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/intcmp.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 intcmp -e     3 3 3
 intcmp -g     3 2 1
 intcmp -l     1 2 3
 intcmp -ge    3 3 1
 intcmp -le    1 3 3
 intcmp -gl    1 2 3
 intcmp -egl   3 1 1 2
 ! intcmp -e   1 2 3
 ! intcmp -g   1 3 3
 ! intcmp -l   3 3 1
 ! intcmp -ge  1 2 3
 ! intcmp -le  3 2 1
 ! intcmp -gl  3 3 3
 ! intcmp -egl foo
--- a/tests/bonsai/mm.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/mm.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 exec 3>&1
 ! mm -h
 # mm(1) will error if positional arguments are given without -i or -o
 ! mm argument
 # check if stderr is empty upon specifying -e
 ! "$BIN/strcmp" "$(printf 'test\n' | mm -i - -e 2>&1 1>&3)" ''
--- a/tests/bonsai/strcmp.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/strcmp.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 strcmp equals equals
 ! strcmp inequals equals
 strcmp - -
 strcmp -h
 ! strcmp nocmp
--- a/tests/bonsai/test_env
+++ b/tests/bonsai/test_env
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 set -x
 alias "$UTIL=$BIN/$UTIL"
--- a/tests/bonsai/true.sh
+++ b/tests/bonsai/true.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 . tests/bonsai/test_env
 true
 true -h
--- a/tests/posix/bin/cat
+++ b/tests/posix/bin/cat
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 # Strictly POSIX-compliant cat(1) implementation. See cat(1p)
 for arg in "$@"; do
 	case "$arg" in
 		-u) args="$(printf '%s	%s\n' "$args" "$arg")" ;;
 		*) args="$(printf -- '%s	-i	%s\n' "$args" "$arg")" ;;
 	esac
 done
 # See IEEE Std 1003.1-2017 3.282
 # https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_282
 IFS='	'
 mm $args
--- a/tests/posix/bin/false
+++ b/tests/posix/bin/false
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 # Strictly POSIX-compliant false(1) implementation. See false(1p)
 false "$@"
--- a/tests/posix/bin/true
+++ b/tests/posix/bin/true
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 # permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 # Strictly POSIX-compliant true(1) implementation. See true(1p)
 true "$@"
--- a/tests/posix-compat.sh
+++ b/tests/posix-compat.sh
@@ -9,16 +9,30 @@
 set -e
 export BIN=build/bin
 if ! ls Makefile >/dev/null 2>&1
 then
 	printf '%s: Run this script in the root of the project.\n' "$0" 1>&2 
 	exit 1
 fi
-printf "Starting POSIX compatibility testing.\n"
+printf "Starting Bonsai testing.\n\n"
-for utility in tests/posix/*; do
+for script in tests/bonsai/*.sh; do
-	printf '%s: %s: Testing utility.\n' "$0" "$utility"
+	export UTIL="$(printf '%s\n' "$script" \
 		| sed -e 's/\.sh//g' -e 's;tests\/bonsai\/;;g')"
 	printf '%s: %s: Testing utility.\n' "$0" "$UTIL"
 	"$script"
 	printf '\n'
 done
 printf "Starting POSIX compatibility testing.\n\n"
 for test in tests/posix/*.sh; do
 	export PATH="$BIN:$PATH"
 	printf '%s: %s: Testing utility.\n' "$0" "$test"
 	"$utility"
 	printf '\n'
 done
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
emma	e028844825	tests: test.sh: utilize $BIN	2024-04-27 15:18:09 -06:00
emma	f022121436	tests: posix: cat(1p): added POSIX-compliant cat	2024-04-27 15:16:52 -06:00
emma	e278307daf	tests: bonsai: removed redundant code	2024-04-26 20:55:16 -06:00
emma	4ad9e0da92	tests: bonsai: rename aliases sourced script to test_env	2024-04-25 18:57:05 -06:00
emma	0113cf793d	tests: bonsai: hru.sh: adds test	2024-04-25 17:20:55 -06:00
emma	1aa2b596d0	tests: aliases: added set -x	2024-04-24 19:28:33 -06:00
emma	c6f30c4195	tests: bonsai: fop.sh: added test	2024-04-24 19:25:55 -06:00
emma	3398fc372c	tests: bonsai: mm.sh: fixed copyright	2024-04-24 15:33:17 -06:00
emma	28f2d44e2f	CONTRIBUTING: updated to include docs and tests requirement	2024-04-24 15:24:35 -06:00
emma	aefa87d9e5	tests: fixed aliasing and created mm.sh	2024-04-24 15:22:07 -06:00
emma	057f5571d6	moved tests into test directory	2024-04-24 14:58:35 -06:00
DTB	e7021e127c	Testfile: make non-executable	2024-03-13 18:20:30 -06:00
DTB	417d7ca405	Testfile: fix syntax	2024-03-11 21:03:53 -06:00
DTB	f7a74dc430	Testfile	2024-03-11 21:01:29 -06:00
DTB	cabe08bca4	TESTING: start testing document/script	2024-02-29 20:33:09 -07:00