dj.1, strcmp.1, swab.1: remove nonexistent roff macros

.editorconfig

@@ -12,6 +12,3 @@ indent_size = 2
 
 [*.sh]
 indent_size = 2
-
-[configure]
-indent_size = 2

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
 build/
 dist/
-*.mk

CONDUCT

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+Code of Conduct
+
+This Code of Conduct is derived from the 10 Pāramitās of Theravadin Buddhism.
+You can read more about them in Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu’s Ten Perfections: A Study
+Guide [0].
+
+1. Generosity (Dāna)
+
+Give contributions freely and willingly under the terms of the GNU Affero
+General Public License, version 3 or later, or a compatible license.
+
+2. Ethics (Sīla)
+
+Do not use nonfree code or uncredited code in contributions. Do not contribute
+code of dubious origins, such as code generated by large language models or
+unlicensed snippets found online [1]. Do not take credit for others’
+contributions. Make sure to utilize the copyright header and license notice on
+source files to credit yourself and others for their work.
+
+3. Renunciation (Nekkhamma)
+
+Stay committed to the principles of simplicity and interoperability embodied by
+the project. Keep your personal will and desire out of the project, for it can
+only prove harmful to its success.
+
+4. Wisdom (Pañña)
+
+Look to established sources for standards, best practices, and important
+implementation details when setting new precedence. Follow the existing
+precedence where it applies.
+
+5. Energy (Viriya)
+
+Focus on the currently-open, currently-assigned, and currently-in-progress
+issues, pull requests, and other endeavors in order to keep yourself and others
+from being overwhelmed with responsibility, either from your zeal or your
+negligence.
+
+If you notice an issue, open an issue as soon as you can. If you see a neglected
+branch, open a pull request or comment on an existing one, if applicable. Be
+diligent in your commitment to making this project work.
+
+6. Patience (Khanti)
+
+Be patient with maintainers and other contributors. We all have our own lives
+going on and may need significant time to get to things.
+
+7. Truthfulness (Sacca)
+
+Communicate honestly and openly. Do not embellish facts to get your way. Make
+sure to let maintainers know about any issues along the way and keep ample
+communication channels open.
+
+8. Determination (Adhiṭṭhāna)
+
+Stay focused on long-term objectives and cultivate attainment to that
+achievement by utilizing to the fullest extent possible the tools available to
+you for managing the workload.
+
+9. Loving-Kindness (Mettā)
+
+Treat everyone with respect, even if they treat you poorly. This does not mean
+you have to put up with abuse, but make sure to respond with kindness and with
+love in your heart. Support and uplift maintainers and other contributors with
+your words and actions.
+
+Do not use angry or hateful language toward contributors, such as demeaning
+phrases and slurs. Make sure that if you do not know the pronouns of a
+contributor to ask for them and, in the meantime, use gender-neutral they/them
+or equivalent pronouns.
+
+10. Equanimity (Upekkhā)
+
+Keep a balanced perspective on all suggestions and contributions and make
+judgements not from a place of ego and personal preference but on their
+usefulness and suitability to the project. Make sure to keep an eye on the
+bigger picture as implementing individual features may seem intuitive at first
+but scale poorly in practical use. Keep a level head about your own work: it is
+not shameful to make a mistake in this vein, and fixing it usually leads to
+more insight.
+
+[0] <https://www.dhammatalks.org/books/#/books/TenPerfections/Section0001.html>
+[1] <https://www.fsf.org/news/publication-of-the-fsf-funded-white-papers-on-questions-around-copilot>

CONTRIBUTING

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+Make sure to read our code of conduct in the CONDUCT file.
+
 When contributing a pull request to the main branch, please sign your commits
 with a PGP key and add your name and the year to the bottom of the list of
 copyright holders for the file. For example, an existing copyright header might
@@ -90,26 +92,44 @@ notice:
  *     USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-When writing code, make sure lines never exceed 80 characters in width when
+Make sure lines never exceed 80 columns in width when using four-character
-using four-character-wide indentation steps.
+indentation steps. This helps contributors with smaller screens, those using
+side-by-side editor windows or panes, and those who have no text wrapping in
+their editor or terminal.
 
-For usage text and help messages, please do not implement a -h option. Just
+For usage text and help messages, do not implement a -h option. Instead, print
-print usage information when any erroneous option is specified. Follow the
+usage information when any erroneous option is specified. Follow the NetBSD
-NetBSD style guide for usage text output format [1].
+style guide for the usage text’s output format [1].
 
-If committing a new source file for a utility, format the commit message like
+[1] <http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/~checkout~/src/share/misc/style>
-this:
 
-$ git commit -m 'tool(1): <information>'
+If committing a new source file, format the commit message following these
+guidelines:
+
+$ git commit -m 'tool(1): add feature x'
 
 If committing a new library or header file:
 
-$ git commit -m 'library(1): <information>'
+$ git commit -m 'library(3): fix overflow'
+$ git commit -m 'header.h(3): add header.h(3)'
+
+If committing a new manual page:
+
+$ git commit -m 'tool.1: add author details'
 
 If modifying some other file or directory:
 
-$ git commit -m 'README: clarification'
+$ git commit -m 'README: clarify'
-$ git commit -m 'tests: posix: fixed bug #47'
+$ git commit -m 'tests/posix: fix bug #47'
-$ git commit -m 'docs: tool(1): added author information'
 
-etc.
+For multiple of these:
+
+$ git commit -m 'Makefile, tool(1): add tool(1)'
+$ git commit -m 'tool(1): add tool(1); library(3), library.3: add library(3)'
+$ git commit -m 'tool(1): fix #42 & add feature x'
+
+Commit messages should be written in the present tense.
+
+--
+This work © 2023–2024 by Emma Tebibyte is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To view a
+copy of this license, visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>

Makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 # Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 # Copyright (c) 2023 Sasha Koshka <sashakoshka@tebibyte.media>
+# Copyright (c) 2024 Aaditya Aryal <aryalaadi123@gmail.com>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
 #
 # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
@@ -8,16 +9,28 @@
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
 
 .POSIX:
+
+# if using BSD make(1), remove these pragmas because they break it
 .PRAGMA: posix_202x # future POSIX standard support à la pdpmake(1)
 .PRAGMA: command_comment # breaks without this?
 
-PREFIX=/usr/local
+DESTDIR ?= dist
+PREFIX ?= /usr/local
 
-CC=cc
+MANDIR != [ $(PREFIX) = / ] && printf '/usr/share/man\n' \
-RUSTC=rustc
+	|| printf '/share/man\n'
+SYSEXITS != printf '\043include <sysexits.h>\n' | cpp -M - | sed 's/ /\n/g' \
+	| sed -n 's/sysexits\.h//p' || printf 'include\n'
+
+CC ?= cc
+RUSTC ?= rustc
+RUSTLIBS = --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
+	--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
+	--extern strerror=build/o/libstrerror.rlib
+CFLAGS += -I$(SYSEXITS)
 
 .PHONY: all
-all: dj false fop intcmp scrut str strcmp true
+all: dj false fop hru intcmp mm npc rpn scrut str strcmp swab true
 
 build:
 	# keep build/include until bindgen(1) has stdin support
@@ -26,37 +39,40 @@ build:
 
 .PHONY: clean
 clean:
-	rm -rf build/ dist/
+	rm -rf build dist
 
 dist: all
-	mkdir -p dist/bin dist/share/man/man1
+	mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
-	cp build/bin/* dist/bin/
+	cp build/bin/* $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin
-	cp docs/*.1 dist/share/man/man1/
+	cp docs/*.1 $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/$(MANDIR)/man1
 
 .PHONY: install
 install: dist
-	mkdir -p $(PREFIX)
+	cp -r $(DESTDIR)/* /
-	cp -r dist/* $(PREFIX)/
 
 .PHONY: test
 test: build
-	tests/cc-compat.sh
 	tests/posix-compat.sh
 	$(RUSTC) --test src/getopt-rs/lib.rs -o build/test/getopt
 
-build/o/libsysexits.rlib: build
+.PHONY: rustlibs
+rustlibs: build/o/libsysexits.rlib build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
+	build/o/libstrerror.rlib
+
+build/o/libgetopt.rlib: build src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib --crate-name=getopt \
+		-o $@ src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
+
+build/o/libstrerror.rlib: build src/strerror.rs
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib -o $@ \
+		src/strerror.rs
+
+build/o/libsysexits.rlib: build $(SYSEXITS)sysexits.h
 	# bandage solution until bindgen(1) gets stdin support
-	printf '#define EXIT_FAILURE 1\n' | cat - include/sysexits.h \
+	printf '#define EXIT_FAILURE 1\n' | cat - $(SYSEXITS)sysexits.h \
 		> build/include/sysexits.h 
 	bindgen --default-macro-constant-type signed --use-core --formatter=none \
-		"$$(printf '#include <sysexits.h>\n' \
+		build/include/sysexits.h | $(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type lib -o $@ -
-			| cpp -M -idirafter "build/include" - \
-			| sed 's/ /\n/g' | grep sysexits.h)" \
-		| $(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type lib -o build/o/libsysexits.rlib -
-
-build/o/libgetopt.rlib: src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTCFLAGS) --crate-type=lib --crate-name=getopt \
-		-o build/o/libgetopt.rlib src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
 
 .PHONY: dj
 dj: build/bin/dj
@@ -70,22 +86,33 @@ build/bin/false: src/false.c build
 
 .PHONY: fop
 fop: build/bin/fop
-build/bin/fop: src/fop.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+build/bin/fop: src/fop.rs build rustlibs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/fop.rs
-		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
+
-		-o $@ src/fop.rs
+.PHONY: hru
+hru: build/bin/hru
+build/bin/hru: src/hru.rs build rustlibs 
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/hru.rs
 
 .PHONY: intcmp
 intcmp: build/bin/intcmp
 build/bin/intcmp: src/intcmp.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/intcmp.c
 
+.PHONY: mm
+mm: build/bin/mm
+build/bin/mm: src/mm.c build
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/mm.c
+
+.PHONY: npc
+npc: build/bin/npc
+build/bin/npc: src/npc.c build
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGAS) -o $@ src/npc.c
+
 .PHONY: rpn
 rpn: build/bin/rpn
-build/bin/rpn: src/rpn.rs build build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+build/bin/rpn: src/rpn.rs build rustlibs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) \
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/rpn.rs
-		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
-		-o $@ src/rpn.rs
 
 .PHONY: scrut
 scrut: build/bin/scrut
@@ -102,6 +129,13 @@ strcmp: build/bin/strcmp
 build/bin/strcmp: src/strcmp.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/strcmp.c
 
+.PHONY: swab
+swab: build/bin/swab
+build/bin/swab: src/swab.rs build build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
+		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
+		-o $@ src/swab.rs
+
 .PHONY: true
 true: build/bin/true
 build/bin/true: src/true.c build

README

@@ -17,6 +17,31 @@ purposes beyond its scope.
 
 See docs/ for more on the specific utilities currently implemented.
 
+Building
+
+The coreutils require a POSIX-compliant environment to compile, including a C
+compiler and preprocessor (cc(1) and cpp(1) by default), an edition 2023 Rust
+compiler (rustc(1) by default), bindgen(1), and a POSIX-compliant make(1)
+utility.
+
+To build and install:
+
+$ make
+$ make PREFIX="/your/preferred/location" install
+
+To build with a different compiler than the default:
+
+$ make CC=clang
+$ make RUSTC=gccrs
+
+To test the utilities:
+
+$ make test
+
+To remove all untracked files:
+
+$ make clean
+
 Read More
 
 An Introduction to the Unix Shell
@@ -30,3 +55,10 @@ Master Foo Discourses on the Unix-Nature
 
 Shell Programming!
 <https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/why-shell.html>
+
+--
+Copyright © 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+Copyright © 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+
+This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
+<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.

docs/dj.1

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
-.TH dj 1
+.TH DJ 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 dj \(en disk jockey
-
+.\"
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 
 dj
@@ -19,142 +18,167 @@ dj
 .RB [ count ])
 
 .RB ( -i
-.R [
+[\fBinput file\fP])
-.B input file
-.R ])
 .RB ( -b
-.R [
+[\fBinput block size\fP])
-.B input block size
-.R ])
 .RB ( -s
-.R [
+[\fBinput offset\fP])
-.B input offset
-.R ])
 
 .RB ( -o
-.R [
+[\fBoutput file\fP])
-.B output file
-.R ])
 .RB ( -B
-.R [
+[\fBoutput block size\fP])
-.B output block size
-.R ])
 .RB ( -S
-.R [
+[\fBoutput offset\fP])
-.B output offset
+.\"
-.R ])
+.SH DESCRIPTION
 
-.SH USAGE
+Perform precise read and write operations on files. This utility is useful for
+reading and writing binary data to and from disks, hence the name.
 
-The
+This manual page uses the terms \(lqskip\(rq and \(lqseek\(rq to refer to moving
-.B -i
+to a specified byte by index in the input and output of the program
-option takes a path as an argument to open and use in place of standard input.
+respectively. This language is inherited from the
-The
+.BR dd (1p)
-.B -o
+utility and is used here to decrease ambiguity.
-option does the same in place of standard output. Dj does not truncate output
+
-files and instead writes over the bytes in the existing file.
+When seeking or skipping to a byte, writing or reading starts at the byte
-.PP
+immediately subsequent to the specified byte.
-The
+.\"
+.SH OPTIONS
+
+.IP \fB-i\fP
+Takes a file path as an argument and opens it for use as an input.
+.IP \fB-b\fP
+Takes a numeric argument as the size in bytes of the input buffer, with the
+default being 1024.
+.IP \fB-s\fP
+Takes a numeric argument as the number of bytes to skip into the input
+before starting to read. If the standard input is used, bytes read to this point
+are discarded.
+.IP \fB-o\fP
+Takes a file path as an argument and opens it for use as an output.
+.IP \fB-B\fP
+Does the same as
 .B -b
-option takes a numeric argument as the size in bytes of the input buffer and
+but for the output buffer.
-the
+.IP \fB-S\fP
-.B -B
+Seeks a number of bytes through the output before starting to write from
-option does the same for the output buffer, the default for both being 1024
+the input. If the output is a stream, null characters are printed.
-bytes, or one kibibyte (KiB).
+.IP \fB-a\fP
-.PP
+Accepts a single literal byte with which input buffer is padded in the event
-The
+of an incomplete read from the input file.
-.B -s
+.IP \fB-A\fP
-option takes a numeric argument as the number of bytes to skip into the input
+Specifying this option pads the input buffer with null bytes in the event of an
-before starting to read, and the
+incomplete read. Equivalent to specifying
-.B -S
-option skips a number of bytes through the output before starting to write from
-the input. If the input is a stream the bytes are read and discarded. If the
-output is a stream, nul characters are printed.
-.PP
-The
 .B -a
-option takes one argument of one byte in length and pads the input buffer with
+with a null byte instead of a character.
-that byte in the event that a read doesn't fill the input buffer, and the
+.IP \fB-c\fP
-.B -A
+Specifies a number of reads to make. The default is zero, in which case the
-option takes no arguments and pads with nuls.
+input is read until a partial or empty read is made.
-The
+.IP \fB-d\fP
-.B -c
+Prints invocation information before program execution as described in the
-option specifies an amount of reads to make, and if 0 (the default) dj will
+DIAGNOSTICS section below. Each invocation increments the debug level of the
-continue reading until a partial or empty read.
+program.
-.PP
+.IP \fB-H\fP
-On a partial or empty read, dj prints a diagnostic message (unless the
+Prints diagnostics messages in a human-readable manner as described in the
-.B -q
+DIAGNOSTICS section below.
-option is specified) and exits (unless the
+.IP \fB-n\fP
-.B -n
+Retries failed reads once more before exiting.
-option is specified, in which case only two consecutive empty reads will cause
+.IP \fB-q\fP
-dj to exit).
+Suppresses error messages which print when a read or write is partial or
-At exit, usage statistics are printed unless the option
+empty. Each invocation decrements the debug level of the program.
-.B -q
+.\"
-is specified a second time. The
+.SH STANDARD INPUT
-.B -H
-option will make these diagnostics human-readable.
 
+The standard input shall be used as an input if no inputs are specified or if
+one or more of the input files is \(lq-\(rq.
+.\"
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 
-The
+On a partial or empty read, a diagnostic message is printed (unless the
-.B -d
-option prints all information, user-specified or otherwise, before program
-execution.
-.PP
-When dj exits, by default statistics are printed for input and output to
-standard error in the following format:
-.PP
-.R {records read} {ASCII unit separator} {partial records read}
-.R {ASCII record separator} {records written} {ASCII unit separator}
-.R {partial records written} {ASCII group separator} {bytes read}
-.R {ASCII record separator} {bytes written} {ASCII file separator}
-.PP
-If the
-.B -H
-option is specified dj instead uses this following format:
-.PP
-.R {records read} '+' {partial records read} '>' {records written}
-.R '+' {partial records written} ';' {bytes read} '>' {bytes written}
-.R {ASCII line feed}
-.PP
-The
 .B -q
-option suppresses error messages which print when a read or write is partial or
+option is specified) and the program exits (unless the
-empty and when used twice suppresses diagnostic output entirely.
+.B -n
-.PP
+option is specified).
-In non-recoverable errors that don't pertain to dj's read-write cycle, a
-diagnostic message is printed and dj exits with the appropriate sysexits(3)
-status.
 
+By default, statistics are printed for input and output to the standard error in
+the following format:
+
+.RS
+{records read} {ASCII unit separator} {partial records read}
+{ASCII record separator} {records written} {ASCII unit separator}
+{partial records written} {ASCII group separator} {bytes read}
+{ASCII record separator} {bytes written} {ASCII file separator}
+.RE
+
+This format for diagnostic output is designed to be machine-parseable for
+convenience. For a more human-readable format, the
+.B -H
+option may be specified. In this event, the following format is used instead:
+
+.RS
+{records read} '+' {partial records read} '>' {records written}
+'+' {partial records written} ';' {bytes read} '>' {bytes written}
+{ASCII line feed}
+.RE
+
+If the
+.B -d
+option is specified, debug output will be printed at the beginning of
+execution. This debug information contains information regarding how the program
+was invoked. The following example is the result of running the program with
+.B -d
+as the only argument:
+
+.RS
+argv0=dj
+in=<stdin>      ibs=1024        skip=0  align=ff       count=0
+out=<stdout>    obs=1024        seek=0  debug= 3       noerror=0
+.RE
+
+In non-recoverable errors that don\(cqt pertain to the read-write cycle, a
+diagnostic message is printed and the program exits with the appropriate
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+status.
+.\"
 .SH BUGS
 
 If
 .B -n
-is specified along with a specified count, actual byte output may be lower than
+is specified along with the
-expected (the product of the count multiplied by the input block size). If the
+.B -c
+option and a count, actual byte output may be lower than expected (the product
+of the count and the input block size). If the
 .B -a
 or
 .B -A
-options are used this could make data written nonsensical.
+options are used, this could make data written nonsensical.
-.PP
+.\"
+.SH CAVEATS
+
+Existing files are not truncated on ouput and are instead overwritten.
+
 Many lowercase options have capitalized variants and vice-versa which can be
 confusing. Capitalized options tend to affect output or are more intense
 versions of lowercase options.
-
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
-Dj was modeled after the dd utility specified in POSIX but adds additional
+This program was based on the
-features: typical option formatting, allowing seeks to be specified in bytes
+.BR dd (1p)
-rather than in blocks, allowing arbitrary bytes as padding, and printing in a
+utility as specified in POSIX. While character conversion may have been the
-format that's easy to parse for machines. It also neglects character
+original intent of
-conversion, which may be dd's original intent but is irrelevant to its modern
+.BR dd (1p),
-use.
+it is irrelevant to its modern use. Because of this, this program eschews
-
+character conversion and adds typical option formatting, allowing seeks to be
+specified in bytes rather than in blocks, allowing arbitrary bytes as padding,
+and printing in a format that\(cqs easy for machines to parse.
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
-Copyright (C) 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+Copyright \(co 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR dd (1p)
-dd(1)

docs/false.1

@@ -1,35 +1,35 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2022, 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
 .TH FALSE 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 false \(en do nothing, unsuccessfully
-
+.\"
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 
-False does nothing regardless of operands or standard input.
+Do nothing regardless of operands or standard input. An exit code of 1 will
-False will always return an exit code of 1.
+always be returned.
-
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
-False exists for the construction of control flow and loops based on a failure.
+In POSIX.1-2017,
-
+.BR false (1p)
-False functions as described in POSIX.1-2017.
+exists for the construction of control flow and loops based on a failure. This
-
+implementation functions as described in that standard.
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>.
+Written by Emma Tebibyte
-
+.MT emma@tebibyte.media
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
 This work is marked with CC0 1.0. To see a copy of this license, visit
 <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR true (1p)
-true(1p)

docs/fop.1

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\"
+.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
+.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
+.\"
+.TH fop 1
+.SH NAME
+fop \(en field operator
+.\"
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+fop
+.RB ( -d )
+.RB [ delimiter ]
+.RB index 
+.RB program...
+.\"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+Performs operations on specified fields in input data.
+.\"
+.SH OPTIONS
+
+.IP \fB-d\fP
+Sets a delimiter by which the input data will be split into fields. The default
+is an ASCII record separator.
+.\"
+.SH STANDARD INPUT
+
+Data will be read from the standard input.
+.\"
+.SH CAVEATS
+
+Field indices are zero-indexed, which may be unexpected behavior for some users.
+.\"
+.SH RATIONALE
+
+With the assumption that tools will output data separated with ASCII field
+separators, there is a need for the ability to modify select fields in this data
+easily and quickly.
+
+The idea for this utility originated in the fact that the GNU
+.BR ls (1)
+utility contains a
+.B -h
+option which enables human-readable units in file size outputs. This
+functionality was broken out into
+.BR hru (1),
+but there was no easy way to modify the field in the ouput of
+.BR ls (1p)
+without creating a new tool.
+.\"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright \(co 2024 Emma Tebibyte. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+<https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
+.\"
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR sed (1p)

docs/hru.1

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\"
+.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
+.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
+.\"
+.TH HRU 1
+.SH NAME
+hru \(en human readable units
+.\"
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+hru
+.\"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+Convert counts to higher units.
+
+The program will read byte counts in the form of whole numbers from the standard
+input and write to the standard output the same number converted to a higher
+unit of data as defined by the International System of Units.
+
+The program will convert the byte count to the highest unit possible where the
+value is greater than one.
+.\"
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+
+If encountering non-integer characters in the standard input, the program will
+exit with the appropriate error code as defined by
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+and print an error message.
+.\"
+.SH RATIONALE
+
+The GNU project\(cqs
+.BR ls (1)
+implementation contains a human-readable option (\fB-h\fP) that, when specified,
+makes the tool print size information in a format more immediately
+readable. This functionality is useful not only in the context of
+.BR ls (1)
+so the decision was made to split it into a new tool. The original functionality
+in GNU\(cqs
+.BR ls (1)
+can be emulated with
+.BR fop (1)
+combined with this program.
+.\"
+.SH STANDARDS
+
+The standard unit prefixes as specified by the Bureau International des Poids
+et Mesures (BIPM) in the ninth edition of The International System of Units (SI)
+are utilized for the ouput of conversions.
+.\"
+.SH AUTHOR
+
+Written by Emma Tebibyte
+.MT emma@tebibyte.media
+.ME .
+.\"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright \(co 2024 Emma Tebibyte. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+<https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
+.\"
+.SH SEE ALSO
+GNU
+.BR ls (1),
+The International System of Units (SI) 9th Edition

docs/intcmp.1

@@ -1,78 +1,92 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
-.TH intcmp 1
+.TH INTCMP 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 intcmp \(en compare integers
-
+.\"
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 
 intcmp
-.RB ( -eghl )
+.RB ( -egl )
 .RB [ integer ]
 .RB [ integer... ]
-
 .SH DESCRIPTION
+Compare integers to each other.
+.\"
+.SH OPTIONS
 
-Intcmp compares integers.
+.IP \fB-e\fP
+Permits given integers to be equal to each other.
+.IP \fB-g\fP
+Permits a given integer to be greater than the following integer.
+.IP \fB-l\fP
+Permits a given integer to be less than the following integer.
+.\"
+.SH EXAMPLES
 
-.SH USAGE
-
-The -e option permits given integers to be equal to each other. If combined
-with -g or -l, only adjacent integers in the argument sequence can be equal.
-.PP
-The -g option permits a given integer to be greater than the following integer.
-.PP
-The -l option permits a given integer to be less than the following integer.
-.PP
 It may help to think of the -e, -g, and -l options as equivalent to the
-infix algebraic “=”, “>”, and “<” operators respectively, with each option
+infix algebraic \(lq=\(rq, \(lq>\(rq, and \(lq<\(rq operators respectively, with
-putting its symbol between every given integer. For example,
+each option putting its symbol between every given integer. The following
+example is equivalent to evaluating \(lq1 < 2 < 3\(rq:
+\"
+.RS
 .R intcmp -l 1 2 3
-is equivalent to evaluating "1 < 2 < 3".
+.RE
-
+.\"
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 
-Intcmp exits 0 for a valid expression and 1 for an invalid expression.
+The program will exit with a status code of 0 for a valid expression and with a
-.PP
+code of 1 for an invalid expression.
-Intcmp prints a debug message and exits with the appropriate sysexits(3) error
-code in the event of an error.
 
+In the event of an error, a debug message will be printed and the program will
+exit with the appropriate
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code.
+.\"
 .SH BUGS
 
-There are multiple ways to express compound comparisons; “less than or equal
+-egl, \(lqequal to or less than or greater than\(rq, exits 0 no matter what for
-to” can be -le or -el, for example.
+valid program usage and may be abused to function as an integer validator. Use
-.PP
+.BR str (1)
-The inequality comparison is -gl or -lg for “less than or greater than”; this
+instead.
-is elegant but unintuitive.
+.\"
-.PP
+.SH CAVEATS
--egl, "equal to or less than or greater than", exits 0 no matter what for valid
-program usage and may be abused to function as an integer validator.
-Use str(1) instead.
 
+There are multiple ways to express compound comparisons; \(lqless than or equal
+to\(rq can be -le or -el, for example.
+
+The inequality comparison is -gl or -lg for \(lqless than or greater than\(rq;
+this is elegant but unintuitive.
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
 The traditional tool for integer comparisons in POSIX and other Unix shells has
-been test(1). This tool also handles string comparisons and file scrutiny.
+been
-These parts of its functionality have been broken out into multiple utilities.
+.BR test (1).
-
+This tool also handles string comparisons and file scrutiny. These parts of its
-Strcmp’s functionality may be performed on a POSIX-compliant system with
+functionality have been broken out into multiple utilities.
-test(1p).
 
+This program\(cqs functionality may be performed on a POSIX-compliant system
+with
+.BR test (1p).
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>.
+Written by DTB
-
+.MT trinity@trinity.moe
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
-
+.\"
-Copyright © 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+Copyright \(co 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR scrut (1),
-strcmp(1), scrut(1), str(1), test(1p)
+.BR strcmp (1),
+.BR str (1),
+.BR test (1p)

docs/mm.1

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+.\"
+.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
+.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
+.\"
+.TH mm 1
+.SH NAME
+mm \(en middleman
+.\"
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+mm
+.RB ( -aenu )
+.RB ( -i
+.RB [ input ])
+.RB ( -o
+.RB [ output ])
+.\"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+Catenate input files and write them to the start of each output file or stream.
+.\"
+.SH OPTIONS
+
+.IP \fB-a\fP
+Opens subsequent outputs for appending rather than updating.
+.IP \fB-e\fP
+Use the standard error as an output.
+.IP \fB-i\fP
+Opens a path as an input. If one or more of the input files is \(lq-\(rq or if
+no inputs are specified, the standard input shall be used.
+.IP \fB-o\fP
+Opens a path as an output. If one or more of the output files is \(lq-\(rq or if
+no outputs are specified, the standard output shall be used.
+.IP \fB-u\fP
+Ensures neither input or output will be buffered.
+.IP \fB-n\fP
+Causes SIGINT signals to be ignored.
+.\"
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+
+If an output cannot be written to, an error occurs. Additional outputs are not
+affected and writing to them continues.
+
+When an error is encountered, a diagnostic message is printed and the program
+exits with the appropriate
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+status.
+.\"
+.SH CAVEATS
+
+Existing files are not truncated on ouput and are instead overwritten.
+.\"
+.SH RATIONALE
+
+The
+.BR cat (1p)
+and
+.BR tee (1p)
+programs specified in POSIX together provide similar functionality. The
+separation of the two sets of functionality into separate APIs seemed
+unncessary.
+.\"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright \(co 2024 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+<https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
+.\"
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR cat (1p),
+.BR dd (1),
+.BR dj (1),
+.BR tee (1p)

docs/npc.1

@@ -1,68 +1,74 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
-.TH npc 1
+.TH NPC 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 npc \(en show non-printing characters
-
+.\"
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 
 npc
-.RB ( -eht )
+.RB ( -et )
-
+.\"
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 
-Npc reads from standard input and writes to standard output, replacing non-
+Print normally non-printing characters.
-printing characters with printable equivalents. Control characters print as a
+
-carat ('^') followed by the character '@' through '_' corresponding to the
+The program reads from standard input and writes to standard output, replacing
-character replaced (e.g. control-X becomes "^X"). The delete character (0x7F)
+non-printing characters with printable equivalents. Control characters print as
-becomes "^?". Characters with the high bit set (>127) are printed as "M-"
+a carat ('^') followed by the character '@' through '_' corresponding to the
+character replaced (e.g. control-X becomes '^X'). The delete character (0x7F)
+becomes '^?'. Characters with the high bit set (>127) are printed as 'M-'
 followed by the graphical representation for the same character without the
 high bit set.
-.PP
+.\"
-The
+.SH USAGE
-.B -e
-option prints a currency sign ('$') before each line ending.
-.PP
-The
-.B -t
-option prints tab characters as "^I" rather than a literal horizontal tab.
 
+.IP \fB-e\fP
+Prints a dollar sign ('$') before each line ending.
+.IP \fB-t\fP
+Prints tab characters as '^I' rather than a literal horizontal tab.
+.\"
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 
-Npc prints a debug message and exits with the appropriate sysexits(3) error
+In the event of an error, a debug message will be printed and the program will
-code in the event of an error, otherwise it exits successfully.
+exit with the appropriate
-
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code.
+.\"
 .SH BUGS
 
-Npc operates in single-byte chunks regardless of intended encoding.
+The program operates in single-byte chunks regardless of intended encoding.
-
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
 POSIX currently lacks a way to display non-printing characters in the terminal
-using a standard tool. A popular extension to cat(1p), the -v option, is the
+using a standard tool. A popular extension to
-bandage solution GNU and other software suites use.
+.BR cat (1p),
-
+the
-This functionality should be a separate tool because its usefulness extends
+.B -v
-beyond that of cat(1p).
+option, is the bandage solution GNU and other software suites use.
 
+This functionality is a separate tool because its usefulness extends beyond that
+of
+.BR cat (1p).
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>.
+Written by DTB
-
+.MT trinity@trinity.moe
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
 Copyright © 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR cat (1p),
-cat(1p), cat-v(1)
+.BR cat-v (1),
-
 .I UNIX Style, or cat -v Considered Harmful
 by Rob Pike

docs/rpn.1

@@ -3,68 +3,82 @@
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
 .TH rpn 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 rpn \(en reverse polish notation evaluation
-
+.\"
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 
 rpn
-.RB [numbers...]\ [operators...]
+.RB [ numbers... ]
-
+.RB [ operators... ]
+.\"
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 
-Rpn evaluates reverse polish notation expressions either read from the standard
+Evaluate reverse polish notation.
-input or parsed from provided arguments. See the STANDARD INPUT section.
 
-Upon evaluation, rpn will print the resulting number on the stack to the
+The program evaluates reverse polish notation expressions either read from the
+standard input or parsed from provided arguments. See the STANDARD INPUT
+section.
+
+Upon evaluation, the program will print the resulting number on the stack to the
 standard output. Any further specified numbers will be placed at the end of the
 stack.
 
-For information on for reverse polish notation syntax, see rpn(7).
+For information on for reverse polish notation syntax, see
-
+.BR rpn (7).
+.\"
 .SH STANDARD INPUT
 
-If arguments are passed to rpn, it interprets them as an expression to be
+If arguments are passed, they are interpreted as an expression to be
 evaluated. Otherwise, it reads whitespace-delimited numbers and operations from
 the standard input.
-
+.\"
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 
-If encountering a syntax error, rpn will exit with the appropriate error code
+In the event of an error, a debug message will be printed and the program will
-as defined by sysexits.h(3) and print an error message.
+exit with the appropriate
-
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code; however, in the event of a syntax error, the program will print an
+error message and continue accepting input.
+.\"
 .SH CAVEATS
 
 Due to precision constraints and the way floats are represented in accordance
-with the IEEE Standard for Floating Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754), floating-point
+with the IEEE Standard for Floating Point Arithmetic (\fIIEEE 754\fP),
-arithmetic has rounding errors. This is somewhat curbed by using the
+floating-point arithmetic has rounding errors. This is somewhat curbed by using
-machine epsilon as provided by the Rust standard library to which to round
+the machine epsilon as provided by the Rust standard library to which to round
 numbers. Because of this, variation is expected in the number of decimal places 
-rpn can handle based on the platform and hardware of any given machine.
+the program can handle based on the platform and hardware of any given machine.
-
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
-An infix notation calculation utility, bc(1p), is included in the POSIX
+An infix notation calculation utility,
-standard, but does not accept expressions as arguments; in scripts, any
+.BR bc (1p),
-predefined, non-interactive input must be piped into the program. A dc(1)
+is included in the POSIX standard, but does not accept expressions as arguments;
-pre-dates the standardized bc(1p), the latter originally being a preprocessor
+in scripts, any predefined, non-interactive input must be piped into the
-for the former, and was included in UNIX v2 onward. While it implements reverse
+program. A
-polish notation, it still suffers from being unable to accept an expression as
+.BR dc (1)
-an argument.
+pre-dates the standardized
-
+.BR bc (1p),
+the latter originally being a preprocessor for the former, and was included in
+UNIX v2 onward. While it implements reverse polish notation, it still suffers
+from being unable to accept an expression as an argument.
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>.
+Written by Emma Tebibyte
-
+.MT emma@tebibyte.media
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
 Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR bc (1p),
-bc(1p), dc(1), rpn(7), IEEE 754
+.BR dc (1),
+.BR rpn (7),
+.I IEEE 754

docs/scrut.1

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\"
+.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
+.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
+.\"
+.TH scrut 1
+.SH NAME
+scrut \(en scrutinize file properties
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+scrut
+.RB ( -LSbcdefgkprsuwx )
+.RB [ file... ]
+.\"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+Determine if files comply with requirements. If the given files comply with the
+specified requirements, the program will exit successfully. Otherwise, it exits
+unsuccessfully.
+.\"
+.SH OPTIONS
+
+.IP \fB-L\fB
+Requires the given files to exist and be symbolic links.
+.IP \fB-S\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be sockets.
+.IP \fB-b\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be block special files.
+.IP \fB-c\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be character special files.
+.IP \fB-d\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be directories.
+.IP \fB-e\fP
+Requires the given files to exist, and is redundant to any other option.
+.IP \fB-f\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be regular files.
+.IP \fB-g\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and have their set group ID flags set.
+.IP \fB-k\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and have their sticky bit set.
+.IP \fB-p\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be named pipes.
+.IP \fB-r\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be readable.
+.IP \fB-u\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and have their set user ID flags set.
+.IP \fB-w\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be writable.
+.IP \fB-x\fP
+Requires the given files to exist and be executable.
+.\"
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+
+When invoked incorrectly, a debug message will be printed and the program will
+exit with the appropriate
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code.
+.\"
+.SH RATIONALE 
+
+The 
+.BR test (1p)
+utility contains functionality that was broken out into separate programs. Thus,
+the scope of this program is narrower than it. Notably, the
+.B -h
+option is now invalid and therefore shows usage information instead of being an
+alias to the modern
+.B -L
+option.
+.\"
+.SH AUTHOR
+
+Written by DTB
+.MT trinity@trinity.moe
+.ME .
+.\"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright \(co 2024 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+<https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
+.\"
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR access (3p),
+.BR lstat (3p),
+.BR test (1p)

docs/str.1

@@ -1,58 +1,60 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
 .TH STR 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 str \(en test the character types of string arguments
-
+.\"
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 
 str
 .RB [ type ]
 .RB [ string... ]
-
+.\"
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 
-Str tests each character in an arbitrary quantity of string arguments against
+Test string arguments.
-the function of the same name within ctype(3).
 
+The tests in this program are equivalent to the functions with the same names in
+.BR ctype.h (0p)
+and are the methods by which string arguments are tested.
+.\"
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 
-Str exits successfully if all tests pass and unsuccessfully if a test failed.
+If all tests pass, the program will exit with an exit code of 0. If any of the
-.PP
+tests fail, the program will exit unsuccessfully with an error code of 1.
-Str will exit unsuccessfully if a string is empty, as none of its contents
-passed the test.
-.PP
-Str will print a message to standard error and exit unsuccessfully if used
-improperly.
 
-.SH DEPRECATED FEATURES
+An empty string will cause an unsuccessful exit as none of its contents pass any
+tests.
 
-Str used to have an "isvalue" type as an extension to ctype(3). This was
+When invoked incorrectly, a debug message will be printed and the program will
-removed in favor of using strcmp(1) to compare strings against the empty string
+exit with the appropriate
-('').
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code.
+.\"
+.SH CAVEATS
 
-.SH BUGS
+There\(cqs no way of knowing which argument failed the test without re-testing
-
-There's no way of knowing which argument failed the test without re-testing
 arguments individually.
-.PP
-If a character in a string isn't valid ASCII str will exit unsuccessfully.
 
+If a character in a string isn\(cqt valid ASCII, the program will exit
+unsuccessfully.
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>.
+Written by DTB
-
+.MT trinity@trinity.moe
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
-Copyright © 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+Copyright \(co 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR ctype (3p),
-ctype(3p), strcmp(1), ascii(7)
+.BR strcmp(1),
+.BR ascii(7)

docs/strcmp.1

@@ -1,62 +1,75 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
 .TH STRCMP 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 strcmp \(en compare strings
-
+.\"
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 
 strcmp
 .RM [ string ]
 .RB [ strings... ]
-
+.\"
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 
-Strcmp checks whether the given strings are the same.
+Check whether string arguments are the same.
-Strcmp exits successfully if the strings are identical. Otherwise, strcmp exits
+.\"
-with the value 1 if an earlier string has a greater byte value than a later
-string (e.g.
-.R strcmp b a
-)
-and 255 if an earlier string has a lesser byte value (e.g.
-.R strcmp a b
-).
-
 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
 
-Strcmp will print an error message and exit unsuccessfully with a status
+The program will exit successfully if the strings are identical. Otherwise, it
-described in sysexits(3) if used incorrectly (given less than two operands).
+will exit with an error code of 1 if a string passed has a lesser byte value
+than one of the prior strings:
 
-.SH UNICODE
+.RS
+strcmp b a
+.RE
 
-Strcmp will exit unsuccessfully if the given strings are not identical;
+and with an error code of 255 if it has a greater byte value than one of the
-Unicode strings may need to be normalized if the intent is to check visual
+prior strings:
-similarity and not byte similarity.
 
+.RS
+strcmp a b
+.RE
+
+When invoked incorrectly, a debug message will be printed and the program will
+exit with the appropriate
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code.
+.\"
+.SH CAVEATS
+
+The program will exit unsuccessfully if the given strings are not identical;
+therefore, Unicode strings may need to be normalized if the intent is to check
+visual similarity and not byte similarity.
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
 The traditional tool for string comparisons in POSIX and other Unix shells has
-been test(1). This tool also handles integer comparisons and file scrutiny.
+been
-These parts of its functionality have been broken out into multiple utilities.
+.BR test (1).
-
+This tool also handles integer comparisons and file scrutiny. These parts of its
-Strcmp’s functionality may be performed on a POSIX-compliant system with
+functionality have been broken out into multiple utilities.
-test(1p).
 
+This program\(cqs functionality may be performed on a POSIX-compliant system with
+.BR test (1p).
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>.
+Written by DTB 
-
+.MT trinity@trinity.moe
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
-Copyright © 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+Copyright \(co 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
 <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR strcmp (3),
-strcmp(3), intcmp(1), scrut(1), test(1p)
+.BR intcmp (1),
+.BR scrut (1),
+.BR test (1p)

docs/swab.1

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\"
+.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
+.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
+.\"
+.TH SWAB 1
+.SH NAME
+swab \(en swap bytes
+.\"
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+swab
+.RB ( -f )
+.RB ( -w
+.R [
+.B word size
+.R ])
+.\"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+Swap the latter and former halves of a block of bytes.
+.\"
+.SH OPTIONS
+
+.IP \fB-f\fP
+Ignore SIGINT signal.
+.IP \fB-w\fP
+Configures the word size; that is, the size in bytes of the block size
+on which to operate. The default word size is 2. The word size must be
+cleanly divisible by 2, otherwise the block of bytes being processed can\(cqt be
+halved.
+.\"
+.SH EXAMPLES
+
+The following
+.BR sh (1p)
+line:
+
+.RS
+printf 'hello world!\(rsn' | swab
+.RE
+
+Produces the following output:
+
+.RS
+ehll oowlr!d
+.RE
+.\"
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+
+In the event of an error, a debug message will be printed and the program will
+exit with the appropriate
+.BR sysexits.h (3)
+error code.
+.\"
+.SH RATIONALE
+
+This program was modeled and named after the conv=swab functionality specified
+in the
+.BR dd (1p)
+utility. It additionally allows the word size to be configured.
+
+This functionality is useful for fixing the endianness of binary files produced
+on other machines.
+.\"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright \(co 2024 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+<https://gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html>.
+.\"
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR dd (1p)

docs/true.1

@@ -1,35 +1,36 @@
 .\" Copyright (c) 2022, 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
 .\"
 .\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
 .\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
+.\"
 .TH TRUE 1
-
 .SH NAME
-
 true \(en do nothing, successfully
-
+.\"
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 
-True does nothing regardless of operands or standard input.
+Do nothing regardless of operands or standard input. An exit code of 0 will
-True will always return an exit code of 0.
+always be returned.
-
+.\"
 .SH RATIONALE
 
-True exists for the construction of control flow and loops based on a success.
+In \fIPOSIX.1-2017\fP,
-
+.BR true (1p)
-True functions as described in POSIX.1-2017.
+exists for the construction of control flow and loops based on a success. This
-
+implementation functions as described in that standard.
+.\"
 .SH AUTHOR
 
-Written by Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>.
+Written by Emma Tebibyte
-
+.MT emma@tebibyte.media
+.ME .
+.\"
 .SH COPYRIGHT
 
 This work is marked with CC0 1.0. To see a copy of this license, visit
 <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0>.
-
+.\"
 .SH SEE ALSO
-
+.BR false (1p),
-false(1p)
+.BR true (1p)

src/dj.c

@@ -203,28 +203,28 @@ Io_fdseek(struct Io *io){
 	
 	if(!fdisstd(io->fd) && lseek(io->fd, io->seek, SEEK_SET) != -1)
 		return -1;
-	else if(io->fl == write_flags){
-		memset(io->buf, '\0', io->bs);
-		/* This is a dirty trick; rather than testing conditions and operating
-		 * likewise, because the parameters to read or write are going to be
-		 * the same either way, just use a function pointer to keep track of
-		 * the intended operation. */
-		op = (int (*)(int, void *, size_t))&write;
-		/* Function pointer casts are risky; this works because the difference
-		 * is in the second parameter and only that write(2) makes the buffer
-		 * const whereas read(2) does not. To avoid even the slightest
-		 * undefined behavior comment out the cast, just be ready for a
-		 * -Wincompatible-function-pointer-types if your compiler notices it.
-		 */
-	}else
-		op = &read;
 
-	/* We're going to cheat and use bufuse as the retval for write(2), which is
+	/* repeated code to get the condition out of the loop */
-	 * fine because it'll be zeroed as this function returns anyway. */
+	if(io->fl == write_flags){
-	do{	if(	(io->bufuse = (*op)(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek))) == 0)
+		memset(io->buf, '\0', io->bs);
-			/* second chance */
+		/* We're going to cheat and use bufuse as the retval for write(2),
-			io->bufuse = (*op)(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek));
+		 * which is fine because it'll be zeroed as this function returns
-	}while((io->seek -= io->bufuse) > 0 && io->bufuse != 0);
+		 * anyway. */
+		do{
+			if((io->bufuse = write(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek)))
+					== 0)
+				/* second chance */
+				io->bufuse = write(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek));
+		}while((io->seek -= io->bufuse) > 0 && io->bufuse != 0);
+	}else if(io->fl == read_flags){
+		do{
+			if((io->bufuse = read(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek)))
+					== 0)
+				/* second chance */
+				io->bufuse = read(io->fd, io->buf, MIN(io->bs, io->seek));
+		}while((io->seek -= io->bufuse) > 0 && io->bufuse != 0);
+	}else
+		return EX_SOFTWARE;
 
 	io->bufuse = 0;
 

src/fop.rs

@@ -18,30 +18,26 @@
 
 use std::{
 	env::args,
-	io::{ Read, stdin, Write },
+	io::{ Read, stdin, stdout, Write },
 	process::{ Command, exit, Stdio },
 };
 
-extern crate sysexits;
 extern crate getopt;
+extern crate strerror;
+extern crate sysexits;
 
 use getopt::{ Opt, Parser };
-use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_USAGE };
+use strerror::StrError;
+use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_IOERR, EX_UNAVAILABLE, EX_USAGE };
 
 fn main() {
 	let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
-	let mut d = '␞';
+	let mut d = 0x1E.to_string();
 	let mut arg_parser = Parser::new(&argv, "d:");
 
 	while let Some(opt) = arg_parser.next() {
 		match opt {
-			Ok(Opt('d', Some(arg))) => {
+			Ok(Opt('d', Some(arg))) => d = arg,
-				let arg_char = arg.chars().collect::<Vec<char>>();
-				if arg_char.len() > 1 {
-					eprintln!("{}: {}: Not a character.", argv[0], arg);
-					exit(EX_USAGE);
-				} else { d = arg_char[0]; }
-			},
 			_ => {},
 		};
 	}
@@ -54,43 +50,65 @@ fn main() {
 		exit(EX_USAGE);
 	});
 
-	let index = argv[index_arg].parse::<usize>().unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+	let index = argv[index_arg].parse::<usize>().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: Not an integer.", argv[0], argv[1]);
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[1], e);
 		exit(EX_DATAERR);
 	});
 
 	let mut buf = String::new();
-	stdin().read_to_string(&mut buf).unwrap();
+	let _ = stdin().read_to_string(&mut buf);
-	let mut fields = buf.split(d).collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+	let mut fields = buf.split(&d).collect::<Vec<&str>>();
 
-	let opts = argv.iter().clone().skip(command_arg + 1).collect::<Vec<&String>>();
+	let opts = argv
+		.iter()
+		.clone()
+		.skip(command_arg + 1)
+		.collect::<Vec<&String>>();
 
 	let mut spawned = Command::new(argv.get(command_arg).unwrap())
 		.args(opts)
 		.stdin(Stdio::piped())
 		.stdout(Stdio::piped())
 		.spawn()
-		.unwrap();
+		.unwrap_or_else( |e| {
+			eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e.strerror());
+			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+		});
 
 	let field = fields.get(index).unwrap_or_else(|| {
 		eprintln!(
-			"{}: {}: No such index in input.",
+			"{}: {}: No such index in input",
 			argv[0],
-			index.to_string()
+			index.to_string(),
 		);
 		exit(EX_DATAERR);
 	});
 
 	if let Some(mut child_stdin) = spawned.stdin.take() {
-		child_stdin.write_all(field.as_bytes()).unwrap();
+		let _ = child_stdin.write_all(field.as_bytes());
 		drop(child_stdin);
 	}
 
-	let output = spawned.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+	let output = spawned.wait_with_output().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e.strerror());
+		exit(EX_IOERR);
+	});
 
-	let new_field = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
+	let mut replace = output.stdout.clone();
+
+	if replace.pop() != Some(b'\n') { replace = output.stdout; }
+
+	let new_field = String::from_utf8(replace).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
+		exit(EX_IOERR);
+	});
 
 	fields[index] = &new_field;
 
-	print!("{}", fields.join(&d.to_string()));
+	stdout().write_all(
+		fields.join(&d.to_string()).as_bytes()
+	).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+		eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], e.strerror());
+		exit(EX_IOERR);
+	});
 }

src/hru.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
+ * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
+ * later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
+ * details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+ */
+
+use std::{
+	cmp::Ordering,
+	env::args,
+	io::{ stdin, stdout, Write },
+	process::{ ExitCode, exit },
+};
+
+extern crate strerror;
+extern crate sysexits;
+
+use strerror::StrError;
+use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_IOERR, EX_SOFTWARE };
+
+const LIST: [(u32, &str); 10] = [
+	(3, "k"),
+	(6, "M"),
+	(9, "G"),
+	(12, "T"),
+	(15, "P"),
+	(18, "E"),
+	(21, "Z"),
+	(24, "Y"),
+	(27, "R"),
+	(30, "Q")
+];
+
+fn convert(input: u128) -> Result<(f64, (u32, &'static str)), String> {
+
+	let mut out = (input as f64, (0_u32, ""));
+	if input < 1000 { return Ok(out); }
+
+	for (n, p) in LIST {
+		let c = match 10_u128.checked_pow(n) {
+			Some(c) => c,
+			None => {
+				return Err(format!("10^{}: Integer overflow", n.to_string()));
+			},
+		};
+
+		match c.cmp(&input) {
+			Ordering::Less => {
+				out = (input as f64 / c as f64, (n, p));
+			},
+			Ordering::Equal => {
+				return Ok((input as f64 / c as f64, (n, p)));
+			},
+			Ordering::Greater => {},
+		};
+	}
+
+	Ok(out)
+}
+
+fn main() -> ExitCode {
+	let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
+	let mut buf = String::new();
+	while let Ok(_) = stdin().read_line(&mut buf) {
+		if buf.is_empty() { return ExitCode::SUCCESS; }
+
+		let n: u128 = match buf.trim().parse() {
+			Ok(f) => {
+				buf.clear();
+				f
+			},
+			Err(err) => {
+				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], err);
+				return ExitCode::from(EX_DATAERR as u8);
+			},
+		};
+
+		let (number, prefix) = match convert(n) {
+			Ok(x) => x,
+			Err(err) => {
+				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], err);
+				return ExitCode::from(EX_SOFTWARE as u8);
+			},
+		};
+
+		let si_prefix = format!("{}B", prefix.1);
+
+		let out = ((number * 10.0).round() / 10.0).to_string();
+
+		stdout().write_all(format!("{} {}\n", out, si_prefix).as_bytes())
+			.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], e.strerror());
+				exit(EX_IOERR);
+			});
+	}
+
+	ExitCode::SUCCESS
+}

src/mm.c

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
+ * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
+ * later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
+ * details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h> /* errno */
+#include <signal.h> /* signal(2), SIG_ERR, SIG_IGN, SIGINT */
+#include <stdio.h> /* fclose(3), fopen(3), fprintf(3), getc(3), putc(3),
+                    * setvbuf(3), size_t, _IONBF, NULL */
+#include <stdlib.h> /* free(3), realloc(3) */
+#include <string.h> /* strcmp(3), strerror(3) */
+#include <unistd.h> /* getopt(3) */
+#if !defined EX_IOERR || !defined EX_OK || !defined EX_OSERR \
+		|| !defined EX_USAGE
+#	include <sysexits.h>
+#endif
+extern int errno;
+
+/* This structure is how open files are tracked. */
+struct Files{
+	size_t a;	/* allocation */
+	size_t s;	/* used size */
+	char *mode;	/* file opening mode */
+	char **names;	/* file names */
+	FILE **files;	/* file pointers */
+};
+
+/* How much to grow the allocation when it's saturated. */
+#ifndef ALLOC_INCREMENT
+#	define ALLOC_INCREMENT 1
+#endif
+
+/* How much to grow the allocation at program start. */
+#ifndef ALLOC_INITIAL
+#	define ALLOC_INITIAL 10
+#endif
+
+/* pre-allocated strings */
+static char *program_name = "<no argv[0]>";
+static char *stdin_name = "<stdin>";
+static char *stdout_name = "<stdout>";
+static char *stderr_name = "<stderr>";
+static char *(fmode[]) = { (char []){"rb"}, (char []){"rb+"} };
+static char *wharsh = "wb";
+
+/* Adds the open FILE pointer for the file at the path s to the files struct,
+ * returning the FILE if successful and NULL if not, allocating more memory in
+ * the files buffers as needed. */
+static FILE *
+Files_append(struct Files *files, FILE *file, char *name){
+
+	if(file == NULL || (files->s == files->a
+			&& ((files->files = realloc(files->files,
+					(files->a += (files->a == 0)
+						? ALLOC_INITIAL
+						: ALLOC_INCREMENT)
+					* sizeof *(files->files))) == NULL
+				|| (files->names = realloc(files->names,
+					files->a * sizeof *(files->names))) == NULL)))
+		return NULL;
+
+	files->names[files->s] = name;
+	return files->files[files->s++] = file;
+}
+
+/* Opens the file at the path p and puts it in the files struct, returning NULL
+ * if either the opening or the placement of the open FILE pointer fail. */
+#define Files_open(files, p) \
+	Files_append((files), fopen((p), (files)->mode), (p))
+
+/* Prints a diagnostic message based on errno and returns an exit status
+ * appropriate for an OS error. */
+static int
+oserr(char *s, char *r){
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", s, r, strerror(errno));
+
+	return EX_OSERR;
+}
+
+/* Hijacks i and j from main and destructs the files[2] struct used by main by
+ * closing its files and freeing its files and names arrays, returning retval
+ * from main. */
+#define terminate \
+	for(i = 0; i < 2; ++i){ \
+		for(j = 0; j < files[i].s; ++j) \
+			if(files[i].files[j] != stdin \
+					&& files[i].files[j] != stdout \
+					&& files[i].files[j] != stderr) \
+				fclose(files[i].files[j]); \
+		free(files[i].files); \
+		free(files[i].names); \
+	} \
+	return retval
+
+/* Prints a usage text, in which s is the program being run (i.e. argv[0]), and
+ * returns an exit status appropriate for a usage error. */
+int usage(char *s){
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s (-aenu) (-i [input])... (-o [output])...\n", s);
+
+	return EX_USAGE;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
+	int c;
+	struct Files files[2]; /* {read, write} */
+	size_t i;
+	size_t j;
+	size_t k; /* loop index but also unbuffer status */
+	int retval;
+
+	/* Initializes the files structs with their default values, standard
+	 * input and standard output. If an input or an output is specified
+	 * these initial values will be overwritten, so to, say, use mm(1)
+	 * equivalently to tee(1p), -o - will need to be specified before
+	 * additional files to ensure standard output is still written. */
+	for(i = 0; i < 2; ++i){
+		files[i].a = 0;
+		files[i].s = 0;
+		files[i].mode = fmode[i];
+		files[i].files = NULL;
+		files[i].names = NULL;
+		Files_append(&files[i], i == 0 ? stdin : stdout,
+			i == 0 ? stdin_name : stdout_name);
+		files[i].s = 0;
+	}
+
+	k = 0;
+
+	if(argc > 0)
+		program_name = argv[0];
+
+	if(argc > 1)
+		while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "aehi:no:u")) != -1)
+			switch(c){
+			case 'a': /* "rb+" -> "ab" */
+				files[1].mode[0] = 'a';
+				files[1].mode[2] = '\0';
+				break;
+			case 'e':
+				if(Files_append(&files[1], stderr, stderr_name) != NULL)
+					break;
+				retval = oserr(argv[0], "-e");
+				terminate;
+			case 'i':
+				if((strcmp(optarg, "-") == 0 && Files_append(&files[0],
+							stdin, stdin_name) != NULL)
+						|| Files_open(&files[0], optarg) != NULL)
+					break;
+				retval = oserr(argv[0], optarg);
+				terminate;
+			case 'o':
+				if((strcmp(optarg, "-") == 0 && Files_append(&files[1],
+							stdout, stdout_name) != NULL)
+						|| Files_open(&files[1], optarg) != NULL)
+					break;
+				/* does not exist, so try to create it */
+				if(errno == ENOENT){
+					files[1].mode = wharsh;
+					if(Files_open(&files[1], optarg) != NULL){
+						files[1].mode = fmode[1];
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				retval = oserr(argv[0], optarg);
+				terminate;
+			case 'n':
+				if(signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_ERR)
+					break;
+				retval = oserr(argv[0], "-n");
+				terminate;
+			case 'u':
+				k = 1;
+				break;
+			default:
+				retval = usage(argv[0]);
+				terminate;
+			}
+
+	if(optind != argc){
+		retval = usage(argv[0]);
+		terminate;
+	}
+
+	files[0].s += files[0].s == 0;
+	files[1].s += files[1].s == 0;
+	
+	/* Unbuffer files. */
+	if(k){
+		for(i = 0;
+			i < files[0].s;
+			setvbuf(files[0].files[i++], NULL, _IONBF, 0));
+		for(i = 0;
+			i < files[1].s;
+			setvbuf(files[1].files[i++], NULL, _IONBF, 0));
+	}
+
+	retval = EX_OK;
+
+	/* Actual program loop. */
+	for(i = 0; i < files[0].s; ++i) /* iterate ins */
+		while((c = getc(files[0].files[i])) != EOF) /* iterate chars */
+			for(j = 0; j < files[1].s; ++j) /* iterate outs */
+				if(putc(c, files[1].files[j]) == EOF){
+					/* notebook's full */
+					retval = EX_IOERR;
+					fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n",
+						program_name, files[1].names[j], strerror(errno));
+					if(fclose(files[1].files[j]) == EOF)
+						fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n",
+							program_name, files[1].names[j], strerror(errno));
+					/* massage out the tense muscle */
+					for(k = j--; k < files[1].s - 1; ++k){
+						files[1].files[k] = files[1].files[k+1];
+						files[1].names[k] = files[1].names[k+1];
+					}
+					if(--files[1].s == 0)
+						terminate;
+				}
+
+	terminate;
+}

src/rpn.rs

@@ -165,14 +165,14 @@ fn eval(
 						Subtract => stack.push_back(y - x),
 						Multiply => stack.push_back(y * x),
 						Divide => stack.push_back(y / x),
-						Power => stack.push_back(x.powf(y)),
+						Power => stack.push_back(y.powf(x)),
 						Floor => stack.push_back((y / x).floor()),
 						Modulo => stack.push_back(y % x),
 						_ => {},
 					};
 				} else {
 					return Err(EvaluationError {
-						message: format!("{}: Unexpected operation.", op),
+						message: format!("{}: Unexpected operation", op),
 						code: EX_DATAERR,
 					})
 				}

src/scrut.c

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+ * Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
  *
  * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -17,13 +18,15 @@
  */
 
 #include <stdio.h> /* fprintf(3), stderr, NULL */
-#include <stdlib.h> /* EXIT_FAILURE */
+#include <stdlib.h> /* EXIT_FAILURE, EXIT_SUCCESS */
-#include <string.h> /* strchr(3) */
+#include <string.h> /* memset(3), strchr(3) */
+#ifndef EX_USAGE
+#	include <sysexits.h>
+#endif
 #include <unistd.h> /* access(3), getopt(3), F_OK, R_OK, W_OK, X_OK */
 #include <sys/stat.h> /* lstat(3), stat struct, S_ISBLK, S_ISCHR, S_ISDIR,
                        * S_ISFIFO, S_ISGID, S_ISREG, S_ISLNK, S_ISSOCK,
                        * S_ISUID, S_ISVTX */
-#include <sysexits.h>
 
 static char args[] = "bcdefghkprsuwxLS";
 static char ops[(sizeof args) / (sizeof *args)];
@@ -33,24 +36,31 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 	struct stat buf;
 	int c;
 	size_t i;
+	char *p;
 
 	if(argc < 2)
 		goto usage;
 
-	i = 0;
+	memset(ops, '\0', sizeof ops);
 	while((c = getopt(argc, argv, args)) != -1)
-		if(strchr(args, c) == NULL)
+		if((p = strchr(args, c)) == NULL)
 			goto usage;
 		else
-			ops[i++] = c;
+			ops[p - args] = c;
-	ops[i] = '\0';
+	/* straighten out ops */
+	for(i = 0, p = ops; i < (sizeof ops) / (sizeof *ops); ++i)
+		if(ops[i] != '\0'){
+			*p = ops[i];
+			if(&ops[i] != p++)
+				ops[i] = '\0';
+		}
 
 	if(optind == argc)
 		goto usage;
 
 	argv += optind;
 	do{	if(access(*argv, F_OK) != 0 || lstat(*argv, &buf) == -1)
-			return 1; /* doesn't exist or isn't stattable */
+			return EXIT_FAILURE; /* doesn't exist or isn't stattable */
 
 		for(i = 0; ops[i] != '\0'; ++i)
 			if(ops[i] == 'e')
@@ -90,8 +100,8 @@ usage:				fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s (-%s) [file...]\n",
 						&& !S_ISLNK(buf.st_mode))
 					|| (ops[i] == 'S'
 						&& !S_ISSOCK(buf.st_mode)))
-				return 1;
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}while(*++argv != NULL);
 
-	return 0;
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }

src/strerror.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
+ *
+ * Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
+ * permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and
+ * this notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
+ */
+
+use std::ffi::{ c_int, c_char, CStr };
+
+pub trait StrError { fn strerror(&self) -> String; }
+
+impl StrError for std::io::Error {
+	/* wrapper function for use in Rust */
+	fn strerror(&self) -> String {
+		/* Get the raw OS error. If it’s None, what the hell is going on‽ */
+		let errno = self.raw_os_error().unwrap_or(0) as c_int;
+
+		/* Get a CStr from the error message so that it’s referenced and then
+		 * convert it to an owned value. If the string is not valid UTF-8,
+		 * return that error instead. */
+		match unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(strerror(errno)) }.to_str() {
+			Ok(s) => s.to_owned(), // yay!! :D
+			Err(e) => e.to_string(), // awww :(
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/* binding to strerror(3p) */
+extern "C" { fn strerror(errnum: c_int) -> *mut c_char; }

src/swab.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
+ * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
+ * later version.
+ * 
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
+ * details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+ */
+
+use std::{
+	env::args,
+	io::{ stdin, stdout, Error, ErrorKind, Read, Write },
+	process::ExitCode,
+	vec::Vec
+};
+
+extern crate getopt;
+use getopt::{ Opt, Parser };
+
+extern crate sysexits;
+use sysexits::{ EX_OK, EX_OSERR, EX_USAGE };
+
+fn oserr(s: &str, e: Error) -> ExitCode {
+	eprintln!("{}: {}", s, e);
+	ExitCode::from(EX_OSERR as u8)
+}
+
+fn usage(s: &str) -> ExitCode {
+	eprintln!("Usage: {} (-f) (-w [wordsize])", s);
+	ExitCode::from(EX_USAGE as u8)
+}
+
+fn main() -> ExitCode {
+	let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
+	let mut buf: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+	let mut input = stdin();
+	let mut output = stdout().lock();
+
+	let mut opts = Parser::new(&argv, "fw:");
+	let mut force = false;
+	let mut wordsize: usize = 2;
+
+	loop {
+		match opts.next() {
+			None => break,
+			Some(opt) =>
+				match opt {
+					Ok(Opt('f', None)) => force = true,
+					Ok(Opt('w', Some(arg))) => {
+						match arg.parse::<usize>() {
+							Ok(w) if w % 2 == 0 => { wordsize = w; () },
+							_ => { return usage(&argv[0]); },
+						}
+					},
+					_ => { return usage(&argv[0]); }
+				}
+		}
+	}
+
+	buf.resize(wordsize, 0);
+
+	loop {
+		match input.read(&mut buf) {
+			Ok(0) => break ExitCode::from(EX_OK as u8),
+			Ok(v) if v == wordsize => {
+				let (left, right) = buf.split_at(v/2);
+				if let Err(e) = output.write(&right)
+						.and_then(|_| output.write(&left)) {
+					break oserr(&argv[0], e)
+				}
+			},
+			Ok(v) => {
+				if let Err(e) = output.write(&buf[..v]) {
+					break oserr(&argv[0], e)
+				}
+			},
+			Err(e) if e.kind() == ErrorKind::Interrupted && force => continue,
+			Err(e) => break oserr(&argv[0], e)
+		}
+	}
+}

tests/cc-compat.sh

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-# Copyright (c) 2023–2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
-#
-# Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
-# permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this
-# notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
-
-set -e
-
-if ! ls Makefile >/dev/null 2>&1
-then
-	printf '%s: Run this script in the root of the project.\n' "$0" 1>&2 
-	exit 64 # sysexits.h(3) EX_USAGE
-fi
-
-make clean
-./configure clean
-./configure
-
-for CC in cc \
-	clang \
-	gcc \
-	'zig cc'
-do
-	export CC
-
-	command -v "$(printf '%s\n' "$CC" | cut -d ' ' -f1)" >/dev/null 2>&1 \
-		|| continue
-
-	printf '%s: %s: Testing build.\n' "$0" "$CC"
-
-	make CC="$CC" && printf '%s: Build successful.\n' "$0"
-
-	ls -lA build/bin
-
-	make clean
-	printf '\n'
-done