dj(1): refactor source

2024-03-28 21:22:36 -06:00
13 changed files with 256 additions and 460 deletions
--- a/86
+++ b/86
@@ -9,26 +9,16 @@
 # notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.

 .POSIX:
-
-# if using BSD make(1), remove these pragmas because they break it
 .PRAGMA: posix_202x # future POSIX standard support à la pdpmake(1)
 .PRAGMA: command_comment # breaks without this?

-DESTDIR ?= dist
-PREFIX ?= /usr/local
+PREFIX=/usr/local

-SYSEXITS != printf '\043include <sysexits.h>\n' | cpp -M - | sed 's/ /\n/g' \
-	| sed -n 's/sysexits\.h//p' || printf 'include\n'
-
-CC ?= cc
-RUSTC ?= rustc
-RUSTLIBS = --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
-	--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
-	--extern strerror=build/o/libstrerror.rlib
-CFLAGS += -I$(SYSEXITS)
+CC=cc
+RUSTC=rustc

 .PHONY: all
-all: dj false fop hru intcmp mm npc rpn scrut strcmp stris swab true
+all: dj false fop hru intcmp mm npc rpn scrut str strcmp swab true

 build:
 	# keep build/include until bindgen(1) has stdin support
@@ -37,40 +27,36 @@ build:

 .PHONY: clean
 clean:
-	rm -rf build dist
+	rm -rf build/ dist/

 dist: all
-	mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
-	cp build/bin/* $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin
-	cp docs/*.1 $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
+	mkdir -p dist/bin dist/share/man/man1
+	cp build/bin/* dist/bin/
+	cp docs/*.1 dist/share/man/man1/

 .PHONY: install
 install: dist
-	cp -r $(DESTDIR)/* /
+	mkdir -p $(PREFIX)
+	cp -r dist/* $(PREFIX)/

 .PHONY: test
 test: build
 	tests/posix-compat.sh
 	$(RUSTC) --test src/getopt-rs/lib.rs -o build/test/getopt

-.PHONY: rustlibs
-rustlibs: build/o/libsysexits.rlib build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
-	build/o/libstrerror.rlib
-
-build/o/libgetopt.rlib: build src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib --crate-name=getopt \
-		-o $@ src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
-
-build/o/libstrerror.rlib: build src/strerror.rs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib -o $@ \
-		src/strerror.rs
-
-build/o/libsysexits.rlib: build $(SYSEXITS)sysexits.h
+build/o/libsysexits.rlib: build
 	# bandage solution until bindgen(1) gets stdin support
-	printf '#define EXIT_FAILURE 1\n' | cat - $(SYSEXITS)sysexits.h \
+	printf '#define EXIT_FAILURE 1\n' | cat - include/sysexits.h \
 		> build/include/sysexits.h 
 	bindgen --default-macro-constant-type signed --use-core --formatter=none \
-		build/include/sysexits.h | $(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type lib -o $@ -
+		"$$(printf '#include <sysexits.h>\n' \
+			| cpp -M -idirafter "build/include" - \
+			| sed 's/ /\n/g' | grep sysexits.h)" \
+		| $(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type lib -o build/o/libsysexits.rlib -
+
+build/o/libgetopt.rlib: src/getopt-rs/lib.rs
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --crate-type=lib --crate-name=getopt \
+		-o build/o/libgetopt.rlib src/getopt-rs/lib.rs

 .PHONY: dj
 dj: build/bin/dj
@@ -84,13 +70,17 @@ build/bin/false: src/false.c build

 .PHONY: fop
 fop: build/bin/fop
-build/bin/fop: src/fop.rs build rustlibs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/fop.rs
+build/bin/fop: src/fop.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
+		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
+		-o $@ src/fop.rs

 .PHONY: hru
 hru: build/bin/hru
-build/bin/hru: src/hru.rs build rustlibs 
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/hru.rs
+build/bin/hru: src/hru.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
+		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
+		-o $@ src/hru.rs

 .PHONY: intcmp
 intcmp: build/bin/intcmp
@@ -110,21 +100,20 @@ build/bin/npc: src/npc.c build

 .PHONY: rpn
 rpn: build/bin/rpn
-build/bin/rpn: src/rpn.rs build rustlibs
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) $(RUSTLIBS) -o $@ src/rpn.rs
+build/bin/rpn: src/rpn.rs build build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) \
+		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
+		-o $@ src/rpn.rs

 .PHONY: scrut
 scrut: build/bin/scrut
 build/bin/scrut: src/scrut.c build
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/scrut.c

-.PHONY: stris
-stris: build/bin/stris
-build/bin/stris: src/stris.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
-		build/o/libsysexits.rlib
-	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
-		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
-		-o $@ src/stris.rs
+.PHONY: str
+str: build/bin/str
+build/bin/str: src/str.c build
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ src/str.c

 .PHONY: strcmp
 strcmp: build/bin/strcmp
@@ -133,8 +122,7 @@ build/bin/strcmp: src/strcmp.c build

 .PHONY: swab
 swab: build/bin/swab
-build/bin/swab: src/swab.rs build build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
-		build/o/libsysexits.rlib
+build/bin/swab: src/swab.rs build build/o/libsysexits.rlib
 	$(RUSTC) $(RUSTFLAGS) --extern getopt=build/o/libgetopt.rlib \
 		--extern sysexits=build/o/libsysexits.rlib \
 		-o $@ src/swab.rs
--- a/docs/str.1
+++ b/docs/str.1
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+.\"
+.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
+.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
+
+.TH STR 1
+
+.SH NAME
+
+str \(en test the character types of string arguments
+
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+str
+.RB [ type ]
+.RB [ string... ]
+
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+Str tests each character in an arbitrary quantity of string arguments against
+the function of the same name within ctype(3).
+
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+
+Str exits successfully if all tests pass and unsuccessfully if a test failed.
+.PP
+Str will exit unsuccessfully if a string is empty, as none of its contents
+passed the test.
+.PP
+Str will print a message to standard error and exit unsuccessfully if used
+improperly.
+
+.SH DEPRECATED FEATURES
+
+Str used to have an "isvalue" type as an extension to ctype(3). This was
+removed in favor of using strcmp(1) to compare strings against the empty string
+('').
+
+.SH BUGS
+
+There's no way of knowing which argument failed the test without re-testing
+arguments individually.
+.PP
+If a character in a string isn't valid ASCII str will exit unsuccessfully.
+
+.SH AUTHOR
+
+Written by DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>.
+
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright © 2023 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
+<https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
+
+.SH SEE ALSO
+
+ctype(3p), strcmp(1), ascii(7)
--- a/docs/stris.1
+++ b/docs/stris.1
@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2023 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
-.\"
-.\" This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To see a copy of this license,
-.\" visit <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>.
-
-.TH STRIS 1
-
-.SH NAME
-
-stris \(en test the character types of string arguments
-
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-
-stris
-.RB ( -7bcdlu )
-.RB ( -i [ inclusions ])
-.RB [ strings... ]
-
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-
-Stris tests each rune in an arbitrary quantity of string arguments, ensuring
-each meets any of the parameters specified in the program options.
-
-.SH OPTIONS
-
-.B -7
-.RS
-Tests to see if runes are fit within seven bits; that is, that they are encoded
-with ASCII.
-.RE
-
-.B -b
-.RS
-Tests to see if runes are blank or "whitespace"; characters that do not print
-but fill a predictable amount of space.
-.RE
-
-.B -c
-.RS
-Tests to see if runes are control characters; characters that are not printing
-or graphical.
-.RE
-
-.B -d
-.RS
-Tests to see if runes are numeric. This test does not only allow the ASCII
-digits but any numeric symbol.
-.RE
-
-.B -i
-.RS
-Permits, in addition to the given specified parameters, all of the runes
-supplied in its option argument.
-.RE
-
-.B -l
-.RS
-Tests to see if runes are in their lower case.
-.RE
-
-.B -u
-.RS
-Tests to see if runes are in their upper case, or capitalized.
-.RE
-
-.SH DIAGNOSTICS
-
-Stris exits successfully if all runes in all given strings meet any of the
-specified parameters, or if no parameters were specified but all given strings
-were legibly encoded. It exits unsuccessfully if the previous is untrue, and if
-invalid options were given, or if no strings were given, a usage synopsis will
-be printed to the standard error.
-
-.SH BUGS
-
-There's no way of knowing which argument failed the test without re-testing
-arguments individually.
-
-Some runes that can losslessly be encoded into ASCII from UTF-8 but in an
-"overlong encoding", where the rune was encoded with unnecessary leading
-zeroes causing it to span multiple bytes, won't be detected as ASCII.
-
-.SH EXAMPLES
-
-This is an sh(1p) snippet that checks to see if an environment variable is an
-ASCII digit.
-
-.RS
-.R stris -7 "$v" && stris -d "$v" && echo ASCII digit.
-.RE
-
-This is an sh(1p) snippet that checks to see if an environment variable is a
-hexadecimal number.
-
-.RS
-.R stris -7 "$v" && stris -di ABCDEFabcdef "$v" && echo Hexadecimal number.
-.RE
-
-.SH AUTHOR
-
-Written by DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>.
-
-.SH HISTORY
-
-Stris replaces the former str(1) which took the name of a function from
-ctype(3) as its first argument and checked the following strings against it;
-str(1) exited unsuccessfully when it encountered any non-ASCII runes and could
-only have one parameter specified.
-
-.SH COPYRIGHT
-
-Copyright © 2023–2024 DTB. License AGPLv3+: GNU AGPL version 3 or later
-<https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
-
-.SH SEE ALSO
-
-ascii(7), ctype(3p), strcmp(1)
--- a/src/dj.c
+++ b/src/dj.c
@@ -46,31 +46,11 @@ struct Io{
 /* Additionally, the following global variables are used to store user options.
 */

-/* (-a)  */ static int align; /* Only the lower 8b are used but align is
-                               * negative if no alignment is being done. */
-
-/* (-c)  */ static int count; /* 0 if dj(1) runs until no more reads are
-                               * possible. */
-
 /* ASCII field separator delimited statistics */
-            static char *fmt_asv   = "%d\037%d\036%d\037%d\035%d\036%d\034";
-/* human-readable statistics */
-            static char *fmt_human = "%d+%d > %d+%d; %d > %d\n";
-/* pointer to chosen formatting */
-/* (-H)  */ static char *fmt_output; /* fmt_asv (default) or fmt_human (-H) */
+static char *fmt_asv   = "%d\037%d\036%d\037%d\035%d\036%d\034";

-/* (-dq) */ static char debug;       /*
- *  -d  increments             dj -qq | 0 - no diagnostic output whatsoever
- *   -q decrements             dj -q  | 1 - typical output without
- *                                    |     notifications on partial reads or
- *                                    |     writes
- *                             dj     | 2 - typical output (default)
- *                             dj -d  | 3 - verbose status messages */
-
-/* (-n)  */ static char noerror;     /* 0 - exits on partial reads or writes
-                                      *     (default)
-                                      * 1 - retries on partial reads/writes
-                                      *     (-n) */
+/* (-H) Human-readable statistics */
+static char *fmt_human = "%d+%d > %d+%d; %d > %d\n";

 /* Non-configurable defaults. */
 #define bs_default 1024 /* GNU dd(1) default; twice POSIX but a neat 2^10 */
@@ -80,19 +60,8 @@ static char *stdout_name = "<stdout>";
 static int read_flags = O_RDONLY; /* These flags are consistent with Busybox */
 static int write_flags = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT; /* dd(1). */

-/* Macro to set defaults for user-configurable options. */
-#define setdefaults do{ \
-	align = -1; \
-	count = 0; \
-	debug = 2; \
-	fmt_output = fmt_asv; \
-	noerror = 0; \
-	ep[0].fl = read_flags; \
-	Io_setdefaults(&ep[0]); \
-	ep[1].fl = write_flags; \
-	Io_setdefaults(&ep[1]); }while(0)
-
 #define MIN(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
+#define MAX(a, b) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))

 /* Macro to check if fd is a std* file, e.g. stdin. */
 #define fdisstd(fd) \
@@ -104,43 +73,16 @@ static int write_flags = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT; /* dd(1). */
 * particular io[2] used in main. Error conditions are not checked because this
 * is only used when the program is about to terminate (hence its name). */
 #define terminate(io) do{ \
-	Io_buffree(&(io)[0]); \
-	Io_buffree(&(io)[1]); \
+	free((io)[0].buf); \
+	free((io)[1].buf); \
 	Io_fdclose(&(io)[0]); \
 	Io_fdclose(&(io)[1]); }while(0)

-/* Allocates *io's buffer. Returns NULL if unsuccessful. */
-static void *
-Io_bufalloc(struct Io *io){
-
-	return (io->buf = malloc(io->bs * (sizeof *io->buf)));
-}
-
-/* Frees *io's buffer. Returns io. */
-static struct Io *
-Io_buffree(struct Io *io){
-
-	free(io->buf);
-
-	return io;
-}
-
-/* Fills the unused portion of io's buffer with padding, updating io->bufuse.
- * Returns io. */
-static struct Io *
-Io_bufrpad(struct Io *io, int padding){
-	
-	memset(io->buf + io->bufuse, padding, io->bs - io->bufuse);
-	io->bufuse = io->bs;
-
-	return io;
-}
-
 /* Copies from the buffer in src as much as possible to the free space in the
 * dest buffer, removing the copied units from src and permuting the remaining
 * units in the src buffer to the start of the buffer, modifying both the src
 * and dest bufuse and returning dest. */
-static struct Io*
+static struct Io *
 Io_bufxapp(struct Io *dest, struct Io *src){
 	int n;

@@ -157,7 +99,7 @@ Io_bufxapp(struct Io *dest, struct Io *src){
 * removing the copied units from src and permuting the remaining units in the
 * src buffer to the start of the buffer, modifying both the src and dest
 * bufuse and returning dest. */
-static struct Io*
+static struct Io *
 Io_bufxfer(struct Io *dest, struct Io *src, int n){

 	memcpy(dest->buf, src->buf, (dest->bufuse = n));
@@ -167,13 +109,10 @@ Io_bufxfer(struct Io *dest, struct Io *src, int n){
 }

 /* Closes io->fn and returns -1 on error, otherwise io->fd. */
-static int
-Io_fdclose(struct Io *io){
-
-	return fdisstd(io->fd)
-		? 0
-		: close(io->fd);
-}
+#define Io_fdclose(io) \
+	(fdisstd((io)->fd) \
+		? 0 \
+		: close((io)->fd))

 /* Opens io->fn and saves the file descriptor into io->fd. Returns io->fd,
 * which will be -1 if an error occured. */
@@ -199,8 +138,7 @@ Io_fdopen(struct Io *io, char *fn){
 * be set to zero to indicate the seek occurred. */
 static int
 Io_fdseek(struct Io *io){
-	int (*op)(int, void *, size_t);
-	
+
 	if(!fdisstd(io->fd) && lseek(io->fd, io->seek, SEEK_SET) != -1)
 		return -1;

@@ -283,19 +221,6 @@ oserr(char *s){
 	return EX_OSERR;
 }

-/* Prints statistics regarding the use of dj, particularly partially and
- * completely read and written records, accessing debug, ep, and fmt_output. */
-static void
-output(void){
-
-	if(debug >= 1)
-		fprintf(stderr, fmt_output,
-			ep[0].rec, ep[0].prec, ep[1].rec, ep[1].prec,
-			ep[0].bytes, ep[1].bytes);
-
-	return;
-}
-
 /* Parses the string s to an integer, returning either the integer or in the
 * case of an error a negative integer. This is used for argument parsing
 * (e.g. -B [int]) in dj and no negative integer would be valid anyway. */
@@ -321,11 +246,30 @@ usage(void){
 	return EX_USAGE;
 }

-int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
-	int c;
-	int i;
+/* For use in main only.
+ * Prints statistics regarding the use of dj, particularly partially and
+ * completely read and written records, accessing ep, and fmt_output. */
+#define output fprintf(stderr, fmt_output, \
+	ep[0].rec, ep[0].prec, ep[1].rec, ep[1].prec, ep[0].bytes, ep[1].bytes \
+)

-	setdefaults;
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
+	int align; /* Only the lower 8b are used, negative if no alignment. */
+	int count;
+	int c, i;
+	enum { QUIETER = 0, TYPICAL = 1, VERBOSE = 2 } debug;
+	enum { GIVEUP = 0, RETRY = 1 } error;
+	char *fmt_output = fmt_asv;
+
+	ep[0].fl = read_flags;
+	Io_setdefaults(&ep[0]);
+	ep[1].fl = write_flags;
+	Io_setdefaults(&ep[1]);
+
+	align = -1;
+	count = 0;
+	debug = TYPICAL;
+	error = GIVEUP;

 	if(argc > 0){
 		program_name = argv[0];
@@ -342,10 +286,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 				terminate(ep);
 				return oserr(optarg);
 			case 'A': align = '\0'; break;
-			case 'd': ++debug; break;
-			case 'n': noerror = 1; break;
+			case 'd': debug = VERBOSE; break;
+			case 'n': error = RETRY; break;
 			case 'H': fmt_output = fmt_human; break;
-			case 'q': --debug; break;
+			case 'q': debug = QUIETER; break;
 			case 'a':
 				if(optarg[0] != '\0' && optarg[1] == '\0'){
 					align = optarg[0];
@@ -367,14 +311,15 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 			}
 	}

-	if(debug >= 3)
+	if(debug >= VERBOSE)
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"argv0=%s\n"
 			"in=%s\tibs=%d\tskip=%ld\talign=%hhx\tcount=%d\n"
-			"out=%s\tobs=%d\tseek=%ld\tdebug=%2d\tnoerror=%d\n",
+			"out=%s\tobs=%d\tseek=%ld\tdebug=%2d\terror=%s\n",
 			program_name,
 			ep[0].fn, ep[0].bs, ep[0].seek, align, count,
-			ep[1].fn, ep[1].bs, ep[1].seek, debug, noerror);
+			ep[1].fn, ep[1].bs, ep[1].seek, debug,
+		    error == GIVEUP ? "GIVEUP" : "RETRY");

 	if(argc > optind){
 		terminate(ep);
@@ -382,36 +327,37 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 	}

 	for(i = 0; i <= 1; ++i){
-		if(Io_bufalloc(&ep[i]) == NULL){
+		if((ep[i].buf = malloc(ep[i].bs * (sizeof ep[i].buf))) == NULL){
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: Failed to allocate %d bytes\n",
-				program_name, ep[i].bs);
+				program_name, ep[i].bs * (sizeof ep[i].buf));
 			terminate(ep);
 			return EX_OSERR;
-		}else if(ep[i].seek > 0)
-			switch(Io_fdseek(&ep[i])){
-			case EX_OK:
-				output();
-				terminate(ep);
-				return EX_OK;
-			}
+		}else if(ep[i].seek > 0 && (c = Io_fdseek(&ep[i])) != -1){
+			output;
+			terminate(ep);
+			return c;
+		}
 	}

 	do{	/* read */
 		Io_read(&ep[0]);
-		if(!noerror && ep[0].bufuse == 0)
+		if(error == RETRY && ep[0].bufuse == 0)
 			Io_read(&ep[0]); /* second chance */
 		if(ep[0].bufuse == 0) /* that's all she wrote */
 			break;
 		else if(ep[0].bufuse < ep[0].bs){
 			++ep[0].prec;
-			if(debug >= 2){
+			if(debug >= TYPICAL){
 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: Partial read:\n\t", program_name);
-				output();
+				output;
 			}
-			if(!noerror)
+			if(error == GIVEUP)
 				count = 1;
-			if(align >= 0)
-				Io_bufrpad(&ep[0], align);
+			if(align >= 0){
+				memset(ep[0].buf + ep[0].bufuse, align,
+					ep[0].bs - ep[0].bufuse);
+				ep[0].bufuse = ep[0].bs;
+			}
 		}else
 			++ep[0].rec;

@@ -425,18 +371,18 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){

 			c = ep[1].bufuse;
 			Io_write(&ep[1]);
-			if(!noerror && ep[1].bufuse == c)
+			if(error == GIVEUP && ep[1].bufuse == c)
 				Io_write(&ep[1]); /* second chance */
 			if(c == ep[1].bufuse){ /* no more love */
 				count = 1;
 				break;
 			}else if(c > ep[1].bufuse && ep[1].bufuse > 0){
 				ep[1].prec += 1;
-				if(debug >= 2){
+				if(debug >= TYPICAL){
 					fprintf(stderr, "%s: Partial write:\n\t", program_name);
-					output();
+					output;
 				}
-				if(!noerror)
+				if(error == GIVEUP)
 					count = 1;
 			}else if(ep[1].bufuse == 0 && c < ep[1].bs)
 				++ep[1].prec;
@@ -445,7 +391,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 		}while(ep[0].bufuse > 0);
 	}while(count == 0 || --count > 0);

-	output();
+	output;
 	terminate(ep);

 	return EX_OK;
--- a/src/fop.rs
+++ b/src/fop.rs
@@ -22,12 +22,10 @@ use std::{
 	process::{ Command, exit, Stdio },
 };

-extern crate getopt;
-extern crate strerror;
 extern crate sysexits;
+extern crate getopt;

 use getopt::{ Opt, Parser };
-use strerror::StrError;
 use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_IOERR, EX_UNAVAILABLE, EX_USAGE };

 fn main() {
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ fn main() {
 	});

 	let index = argv[index_arg].parse::<usize>().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[1], e);
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[1], e);
 		exit(EX_DATAERR);
 	});

@@ -77,13 +75,13 @@ fn main() {
 		.stdout(Stdio::piped())
 		.spawn()
 		.unwrap_or_else( |e| {
-			eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e.strerror());
+			eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
 			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
 		});

 	let field = fields.get(index).unwrap_or_else(|| {
 		eprintln!(
-			"{}: {}: No such index in input",
+			"{}: {}: No such index in input.",
 			argv[0],
 			index.to_string(),
 		);
@@ -96,7 +94,7 @@ fn main() {
 	}

 	let output = spawned.wait_with_output().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e.strerror());
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
 		exit(EX_IOERR);
 	});

@@ -105,7 +103,7 @@ fn main() {
 	if replace.pop() != Some(b'\n') { replace = output.stdout; }

 	let new_field = String::from_utf8(replace).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
+		eprintln!("{}: {}: {}.", argv[0], argv[command_arg], e);
 		exit(EX_IOERR);
 	});

@@ -113,8 +111,8 @@ fn main() {

 	stdout().write_all(
 		fields.join(&d.to_string()).as_bytes()
-	).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], e.strerror());
+	).unwrap_or_else(|e|{
+		eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], e);
 		exit(EX_IOERR);
 	});
 }
--- a/src/hru.rs
+++ b/src/hru.rs
@@ -23,10 +23,8 @@ use std::{
 	process::{ ExitCode, exit },
 };

-extern crate strerror;
 extern crate sysexits;

-use strerror::StrError;
 use sysexits::{ EX_DATAERR, EX_IOERR, EX_SOFTWARE };

 const LIST: [(u32, &str); 10] = [
@@ -51,7 +49,7 @@ fn convert(input: u128) -> Result<(f64, (u32, &'static str)), String> {
 		let c = match 10_u128.checked_pow(n) {
 			Some(c) => c,
 			None => {
-				return Err(format!("10^{}: Integer overflow", n.to_string()));
+				return Err(format!("10^{}: Integer overflow.", n.to_string()));
 			},
 		};

@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
 				f
 			},
 			Err(err) => {
-				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], err);
+				eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], err);
 				return ExitCode::from(EX_DATAERR as u8);
 			},
 		};
@@ -89,7 +87,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
 		let (number, prefix) = match convert(n) {
 			Ok(x) => x,
 			Err(err) => {
-				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], err);
+				eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], err);
 				return ExitCode::from(EX_SOFTWARE as u8);
 			},
 		};
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {

 		stdout().write_all(format!("{} {}\n", out, si_prefix).as_bytes())
 			.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-				eprintln!("{}: {}", argv[0], e.strerror());
+				eprintln!("{}: {}.", argv[0], e);
 				exit(EX_IOERR);
 			});
 	}
--- a/src/mm.c
+++ b/src/mm.c
@@ -106,15 +106,6 @@ oserr(char *s, char *r){
 	} \
 	return retval

-/* Prints a usage text, in which s is the program being run (i.e. argv[0]), and
- * returns an exit status appropriate for a usage error. */
-int usage(char *s){
-
-	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s (-aenu) (-i [input])... (-o [output])...\n", s);
-
-	return EX_USAGE;
-}
-
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 	int c;
 	struct Files files[2]; /* {read, write} */
@@ -187,15 +178,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
 				k = 1;
 				break;
 			default:
-				retval = usage(argv[0]);
+				fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s (-aenu) (-i [input])..."
+					" (-o [output])...\n", argv[0]);
+				retval = EX_USAGE;
 				terminate;
 			}

-	if(optind != argc){
-		retval = usage(argv[0]);
-		terminate;
-	}
-
 	files[0].s += files[0].s == 0;
 	files[1].s += files[1].s == 0;
 	
--- a/src/rpn.rs
+++ b/src/rpn.rs
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ fn eval(
 					};
 				} else {
 					return Err(EvaluationError {
-						message: format!("{}: Unexpected operation", op),
+						message: format!("{}: Unexpected operation.", op),
 						code: EX_DATAERR,
 					})
 				}
--- a/src/scrut.c
+++ b/src/scrut.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
- * Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
@@ -18,15 +17,13 @@
 */

 #include <stdio.h> /* fprintf(3), stderr, NULL */
-#include <stdlib.h> /* EXIT_FAILURE, EXIT_SUCCESS */
+#include <stdlib.h> /* EXIT_FAILURE */
 #include <string.h> /* memset(3), strchr(3) */
-#ifndef EX_USAGE
-#	include <sysexits.h>
-#endif
 #include <unistd.h> /* access(3), getopt(3), F_OK, R_OK, W_OK, X_OK */
 #include <sys/stat.h> /* lstat(3), stat struct, S_ISBLK, S_ISCHR, S_ISDIR,
                       * S_ISFIFO, S_ISGID, S_ISREG, S_ISLNK, S_ISSOCK,
                       * S_ISUID, S_ISVTX */
+#include <sysexits.h>

 static char args[] = "bcdefghkprsuwxLS";
 static char ops[(sizeof args) / (sizeof *args)];
@@ -60,7 +57,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){

 	argv += optind;
 	do{	if(access(*argv, F_OK) != 0 || lstat(*argv, &buf) == -1)
-			return EXIT_FAILURE; /* doesn't exist or isn't stattable */
+			return 1; /* doesn't exist or isn't stattable */

 		for(i = 0; ops[i] != '\0'; ++i)
 			if(ops[i] == 'e')
@@ -100,8 +97,8 @@ usage:				fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s (-%s) [file...]\n",
 						&& !S_ISLNK(buf.st_mode))
 					|| (ops[i] == 'S'
 						&& !S_ISSOCK(buf.st_mode)))
-				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+				return 1;
 	}while(*++argv != NULL);

-	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	return 0;
 }
--- a/src/str.c
+++ b/src/str.c
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 Marceline Cramer <mars@tebibyte.media>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
+ * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
+ * later version.
+ * 
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
+ * details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+ */
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stddef.h> /* NULL */
+#include <stdio.h> /* fprintf(3) */
+#include <stdlib.h> /* EXIT_FAILURE */
+#include <string.h> /* strcmp(3) */
+#include <sysexits.h>
+
+static char *program_name = "str";
+
+static struct {
+	char *name;
+	int (*f)(int);
+}ctypes[] = {
+	{ "isalnum", isalnum },
+	{ "isalpha", isalpha },
+	{ "isblank", isblank },
+	{ "iscntrl", iscntrl },
+	{ "isdigit", isdigit },
+	{ "isxdigit", isxdigit },
+	{ "isgraph", isgraph },
+	{ "islower", islower },
+	{ "isprint", isprint },
+	{ "ispunct", ispunct },
+	{ "isspace", isspace },
+	{ "isupper", isupper }
+};
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
+	int ctype;
+	int i;
+	int r;
+
+	if(argc >= 3){
+		for(ctype = 0; ctype < (sizeof ctypes) / (sizeof *ctypes);
+				++ctype)
+			if(strcmp(argv[1], ctypes[ctype].name) == 0)
+				goto pass;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [type] [string...]\n",
+		argv[0] == NULL ? program_name : argv[0]);
+
+	return EX_USAGE;
+
+pass:	for(argv += 2, r = 1; *argv != NULL; ++argv)
+		for(i = 0; argv[0][i] != '\0'; ++i)
+			/* First checks if argv[0][i] is valid ASCII; ctypes(3)
+			 * don't handle non-ASCII.
+			 * This is bad. */
+			if((unsigned char)argv[0][i] < 0x80 && !ctypes[ctype].f(argv[0][i]))
+				return 1;
+			else
+				r = 0;
+
+	return r;
+}
--- a/src/strerror.rs
+++ b/src/strerror.rs
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Tebibyte <emma@tebibyte.media>
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: FSFAP
- *
- * Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
- * permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and
- * this notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.
- */
-
-use std::ffi::{ c_int, c_char, CStr };
-
-pub trait StrError { fn strerror(&self) -> String; }
-
-impl StrError for std::io::Error {
-	/* wrapper function for use in Rust */
-	fn strerror(&self) -> String {
-		/* Get the raw OS error. If it’s None, what the hell is going on‽ */
-		let errno = self.raw_os_error().unwrap_or(0) as c_int;
-
-		/* Get a CStr from the error message so that it’s referenced and then
-		 * convert it to an owned value. If the string is not valid UTF-8,
-		 * return that error instead. */
-		match unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(strerror(errno)) }.to_str() {
-			Ok(s) => s.to_owned(), // yay!! :D
-			Err(e) => e.to_string(), // awww :(
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* binding to strerror(3p) */
-extern "C" { fn strerror(errnum: c_int) -> *mut c_char; }
--- a/src/stris.rs
+++ b/src/stris.rs
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2023–2024 DTB <trinity@trinity.moe>
- * Copyright (c) 2023 Marceline Cramer <mars@tebibyte.media>
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
- * the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
- * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
- * later version.
- * 
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
- * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
- * details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
- * along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
- */
-
-use std::{
-	env::args,
-	process::ExitCode
-};
-
-extern crate getopt;
-use getopt::{ Opt, Parser };
-
-extern crate sysexits;
-use sysexits::EX_USAGE;
-
-struct Reqs {
-	ascii: bool, blank: bool, cntrl: bool, digit: bool, lower: bool,
-	upper: bool, inuse: bool, extra: String
-}
-
-fn usage(s: &str) -> ExitCode {
-	eprintln!("Usage: {} (-7bcdlu) (-i [inclusions]) [strings...]", s);
-	ExitCode::from(EX_USAGE as u8)
-}
-
-fn main() -> ExitCode {
-	let argv = args().collect::<Vec<String>>();
-	let mut opts = Parser::new(&argv, "7bcdi:lu");
-	let mut reqs = Reqs {
-		ascii: false, blank: false, cntrl: false, digit: false, lower: false,
-		upper: false, inuse: false, extra: String::new()
-	};
-
-	loop {
-		match opts.next() {
-			None => break,
-			Some(opt) => {
-				match opt {
-					Ok(Opt('7', None)) => reqs.ascii = true,
-					Ok(Opt('b', None)) => reqs.blank = true,
-					Ok(Opt('c', None)) => reqs.cntrl = true,
-					Ok(Opt('d', None)) => reqs.digit = true,
-					Ok(Opt('i', Some(arg))) => reqs.extra = arg,
-					Ok(Opt('l', None)) => reqs.lower = true,
-					Ok(Opt('u', None)) => reqs.upper = true,
-					_ => { return usage(&argv[0]); }
-				}
-				reqs.inuse = true;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if argv.len() == opts.index() {
-		return usage(&argv[0]);
-	}
-
-	drop(argv);
-
-	if reqs.inuse {
-		for arg in args().skip(opts.index()) {
-			for c in arg.chars() {
-				if (reqs.ascii && c.is_ascii())
-						|| (reqs.blank && c.is_whitespace())
-						|| (reqs.cntrl && c.is_control())
-						|| (reqs.digit && c.is_numeric())
-						|| (reqs.lower && c.is_lowercase())
-						|| (reqs.upper && c.is_uppercase())
-						|| reqs.extra.contains(c) {
-					continue;
-				} else {
-					return ExitCode::FAILURE;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	ExitCode::SUCCESS
-}
--- a/src/test.rs
+++ b/src/test.rs
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-extern crate strerror;
-
-use strerror::raw_message;
-
-fn main() {
-	stdout.write_all(b"meow\n").unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-		eprintln!("{}", raw_message(e));
-		std::process::exit(1);
-	});
-}